SWEDES: TheWayTheyWere
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    • The Bethany Artist & the Bethany Scientist: Lydia & Emil ------------------------- \\// >
      • Lydia's and Emil's Smoky Valley Swedish Immigration Background ​ ~ With a far larger account of why Swedes were leaving Sweden by Mr. Holmquist >
        • Their 1869 Swedish Lutheran Galesburg Colony and Olsson Colony Smoky Valley Arrivals, ~ With a Galesburg account by Mr. Holmquist >
          • Their Värmland Swedes ~ The "First Swedish Agricultural Company" Lindsborg Founders, 1868, ~ An account by Dr. Lindquist >
            • Swedish Pastor Olof Olsson Emigrating to Lindsborg 1869, June 27th Arrival ~ An account by Dr. Lindquist >
              • Bethany Lutheran Church and Lindsborg Founder Pastor Olsson, 1869 - 1876 ~ An account by Dr. Lindquist
      • Their 1869 "Bethany Lutheran Church" ~ Accounts by Dr. Lindquist and Mr. Carlson >
        • ​Their 1860-1962 "Augustana Evangelical Lutheran Synod" ~ Gaining and losing its Swedish identity >
          • The 1860 Formation of the Augustana Synod ~ An Account by Mr. Holmquist >
            • Their 1892 "Augustana Women's Missionary Society" ~ An account by Ms. Humphrey >
              • The 2000 - 2016 "Augustana Heritage Association"
      • Their 1879 "Swedish Mission Church" formation by former Bethany Lutheran Church members ​ due to the "atonement" issue ​ ~ An account by Mr. Carlson ~ Part 1 of 2 >
        • An account by Dr. Lindquist ~ Part 2 of 2
      • Their 1907 "Bethany Lutheran Home" ~ Link to the Bethany Home Story >
        • 1976 Lindsborg’s Bethany Home’s Swedish King's Visit ~ An account by Mr. Carlson
      • Their 1909 and 1919 Swedish Smoky Valley Community Chronicles ~ Compiled and written by Bethany Lutheran Church Rev. Dr. Bergin, members and others
      • Their 1910 English speaking "Messiah Lutheran Church" formation by former Bethany Lutheran Church members ~ An account by Dr. Lindquist >
        • An account on the 1910 Messiah Lutheran Church formation from Rev. Dr. Bergin's 1909 ​"Pioneer Swedish-American Culture of Central Kansas"
      • Their 1916 Sohlberg House ​ ~ 322 North First [College] Street ~After their honeymoon
      • Their 1919 Lindsborg Historical Society's "Coronado Heights" ~ Emil's 1907 thesis and Lydia's photographs >
        • The ​1919 Formation of the "Lindsborg Historical Society" ~ The Smoky Hills' "Smoky Hill" christened "Coronado Heights" May 8, 1924 >
          • G. N. Malm's role in the development of the Lindsborg Historical Society and Coronado Heights ​~ An account by Dr. Lindquist >
            • Lindsborg Historical Society and Coronado Heights History ~ Three (3) accounts by Mrs. Jaderborg, former SVHA secretary
      • Their 1920 Old Main Apartments of Bethany College ~ Living on campus with the students for 20 years
      • Their 1936 1873 Swedish Homestead," "Our Peaceful Acres" >
        • Their 1873 Swede House ~ A close twin to Lindsborg Founder Rev. Olof Olsson's stone house >
          • Peaceful Acres Smoky Valley descendant friends and helpers ~ Honoring them and remembering them
      • Their 1940 Deere Home to 1943 ​~ 344 North First [College] Street ~ With new occupants after Lydia >
        • Emil's and Nina's 1961Thunderbird on the Bethany Campus ~ Promoting 21st Century Bethany College in Silicon Valley with alumni and students
      • Their 1941 "Svensk Hyllningsfest" and Dr. Holwerda's Role ~ Accounts by Dr. Lungstrom, Mrs. Jaderborg, Dr. Holwerda & Mr. Lundstrom >
        • Their 1964, "Lindsborg Swedish Folk Dancers" founded by Mrs. Jaderborg ~ An account by Mr. Chris Abercrombie
      • 1943, After Lydia, Emil's part planning Lindsborg's "first" hospital and Dr. Holwerda's role ~ An account by Dr. Lungstrom
    • Their "1881" on . . . Lutheran Bethany Academy 1882 ~ Their 1882 "First Lutheran College Building"
    • Their 1882-1966 "Bethany College Museum" ~ The Natural History and Pioneer Swedish Collections >
      • Fossils Collection ~ From Old Main to the McPherson County Old Mill Museum, 1966, ~ “The Find” >
        • Taxidermy Collection ~ From Old Main to the McPherson County Old Mill Museum, 1966 >
          • 900 Item Emil O. Deere Pioneer Swedish Collection ~ From Old Main to the McPherson County Old Mill Museum, 1966 >
            • Cliff Dwellers' Pottery Collection ~ From Old Main to the Birger Sandzén Memorial Gallery, 1966
      • The 1966 Bethany College Museum Collections Move to the Old Mill Museum ~ Dr. Leon Lungstrom's Role >
        • Articles on the Bethany College Museum Collections Move of 1966
    • Their 1882 on . . . Bethany College Handel’s “Messiah" Performances >
      • "Messiah" Performers, Venues & Audiences, Press and Broadcasts >
        • Special 20th Century "Messiah" Performances >
          • "The Notables, Messiah Week, . . . ~ An account by Mrs. Jaderborg >
            • Handel's "Messiah" & Bach's "St. Matthew Passion" ~ Described for viewers unfamiliar with these oratorios
    • Their “1899 on . . .” Bethany College “Swedish Artists’ Midwest Art Exhibition” ​~ An account by the Birger Sandzén Memorial Gallery
    • Their 1903 on . . . Bethany College "Rockar Stockar!" and the 1902 on . . . "Terrible Swedes" ~ An account by Dr. Lindquist
    • Their “1904 on . . .” Bethany College St. Louis World's Fair “Swedish Pavilion”
    • Their "1895 to 1981" Bethany College Anniversary Celebrations ~ 15, 20, 25, 100 years >
      • Their Celebrating 15 Years of Bethany College, 1881-1896. The First "Bethany Annual," 1895-96 >
        • Their Celebrating 20 Years of Bethany College, 1881-1901. The "Forget-Me-Not," 1902 >
          • The King of Sweden's Emissary, 1901 >
            • Yale University's Bethany Club
      • Their Celebrating 25 Years of Bethany College, 1881-1906. ~ "Souvenir of Lindsborg and Bethany College"
      • Their Celebrating 100 Years of Bethany College, 1881-1981 ~ "The Centennial of Bethany College"
    • Their 1937 Bethany College's Introduction to 1638 New Sweden >
      • Deere's Introduction to New Sweden
  • Swedish Immigration Story, 1854
    • "The Story of the Old Spoon" by Ingrid Anderson Sohlberg & Daughter Lydia Sohlberg Deere, 1937
    • Who They Left Behind
    • From Sweden with Love Collections >
      • The Swedish Sohlberg Kosta Portraits, 1867 >
        • The Swedish Sohlberg Kosta Glass >
          • The Swedish Sohlberg Letters
      • The Swedish Sohlberg Royal Gold Thread Embroidery Sampler (c1890s)
      • The Swedish Sohlberg Post Cards (c1890s)
      • The Swedish Sohlberg Magazines, (c1940s)
      • The Swedish Sohlberg Books, 1819/1886 to 1899
      • The Swedish Sohlberg Albums ~ Late 19th early 20th centuries
      • The Swedish Deere Coins -- 1801-1929
  • Artist Lydia Sohlberg Deere
    • Lydia's Lindsborg Photography, 1900-1925 >
      • The Hats
      • The Smoky River
      • The Smoky Hills >
        • Coronado Heights -- One Winter's Day
      • In and Around Lindsborg
      • Sohlberg House with Parents >
        • Our Sohlberg Home and Neighbor Alma Luise Olson
      • Sohlberg House with Emil 1916 to 1920 >
        • Lydia's Travels with Deere 1916 - 1930s >
          • Lydia's California Photographs for Painting >
            • Lydia's "Palm Springs Pictorial Magazine, 1938-1939 >
              • Lydia's California Pressed Wild Flowers, c1930
      • "LYDIA'S WORLD" Photography Exhibitions in Lindsborg, 2005 - 2011 >
        • ​"LYDIA'S WORLD" Smoky Valley descendant friends caring for her work ​ ~ Honoring them and remembering them ~ 2005-2011
      • 2021 Lindsborg's Lydia Sohlberg Deere ~ Discovered by Palm Springs, former "NY Times" Writer of Lindsborg's Christina Lillian
    • Lydia as Bethany College Lane Hart Hall Dean of Women, 1906 - 1913 ~ Swedish and Scandinavian Handwork Instructor >
      • Lydia's Signatured Black Book of Her Handwritten Sewing Instructions >
        • Nina Sohlberg's Child's Sewing "Little Dots" PICTURE BOOK
      • Lydia Sohlberg Deere's 1927 "Lindsborg Swedish Club's" Handwork and Members >
        • The Lindsborg Swedish Club's "Allers Monster-Tidnings" magazine, 1940
    • Lydia's Art, 1919-1938 >
      • Lydia's Art: The Kansas Collection >
        • The Sketches
      • Lydia's Art: The Colorado, Wyoming, Utah, Arizona, New Mexico, South Dakota Collection >
        • The Sketches
      • Lydia's Art: The California Collection >
        • The Sketches >
          • Lydia's "Palm Springs Magazine " 1938-39
    • Lydia's Art Professor Sven Birger Sandzén, 1871-1954 >
      • Lydia's Assignments for Professor Sandzén >
        • Students of Sandzén 2019 Exhibition >
          • Bethany Home ~ Celebrating Artist Birger Sandzén through his students' paintings
    • Lydia's Art Professor Birger Sandzén's "Art Exhibitions" and "Reviews" .. 1893-1940 >
      • Lydia's Art Professor Sandzén's Exhibition at the Babcock Gallery in New York, 1922
      • Lydia's Sandzén's Body of Work Reviewed by N.Y.C, 1984 "American Impressionism," author William H. Gerdts
    • Lydia's and Sandzén's Swedish Artist Friend Charles Edward Hallberg, 1855-1940
    • Lydia's and Sandzén's Swedish Artist Friend Oscar Brousse Jacobson, 1882-1966
    • Lydia’s Sohlberg Family Connection to Sandzén, 1880-1894-1993
  • Scientist Emil O. Deere
    • Deere's & Lydia's Bethany -- Lydia's Bethany Photography, 1906-1925 >
      • Bethany College "Campus from Above"
      • Bethany College "The Gateway," 1917 and "Bethany Campus Association," 1912
      • Bethany College "College Street," today's "North First Street"
      • Bethany College "Campus Life"
      • Bethany College "Field Trips"
      • Bethany College's "Earliest Buildings" >
        • Bethany College "​Ladies Dormitory" / "Lane Hart Hall" 1883 - 1899 - 1983
        • Bethany College "Old Main" 1887-1968 >
          • Lydia's and Emil's Old Main Apartments, 1920 to 1940 >
            • Deere's Bethany College Classes in Old Main
        • Bethany College "Messiah Auditorium" / "Ling Auditorium" / "Ling Gymnasium" 1895 - 1946
        • Bethany College "Swedish Pavilion," 1904
        • Bethany College "​Carnegie Library" / "Bethany Library" 1908 - 1980
        • Bethany College "​Bethany Academy" 1882 -- Swensson's Bethany's Beginnings
    • Deere's 1959 Interview on Rev. Dr. Carl A. Swensson (On YouTube) >
      • Rev. Dr. Carl Aaron Swensson, 1857-1904 ~ An account by Dr. Lindquist >
        • Swensson's "Bethany Lutheran Church" and the "Augustana Lutheran Synod"
        • Swensson's Bethany's Beginnings: "The Bethany Academy of 1882"
        • Olsson's Influence, the Swenssons,' the Musicians' and Singers,' "Messiah," 1882 on … >
          • Mr. Thure Olof Jaderborg, Sr. ~ One Lindsborg "Messiah" Commitment from 1901-1954
        • Swensson's Swedish Artists of the 1890s
        • Swensson's "Bethany College Museum," 1882 - 1966
      • In Memorium**Dr. Carl Aaron Swensson, 1904 ~ An account by Dr. Lindquist
    • Deere's Rev. Dr. Ernst F. Pihlblad, 1873-1943 ~ An account by Dr. Lindquist >
      • In Memoriam**Dr. Ernst F. Pihlblad, 1943
      • Rev. Dr. Pihlblad on Bethany College, 1904 - 1941
    • Deere's Swensson's "Bethany College Museum" 1882-1966 >
      • Deere's Swensson's Bethany College Museum Collections ~ to 1966
      • Deere's Dr. Lungstrom's Bethany College "Museum" Chapter >
        • Coronado Expedition Chain Mail and Bethany College Museum History ~ An account from Dr. Lungstrom's book
      • Dr. Lungstrom's "Three Pioneer Scientists of Swedish Descent"
    • Deere's Smithsonian Institution's Souvenir, 1904
    • Deere's 1940 Presidential Address to the Kansas Academy of Science
    • Deere's 1955 Letter to President Eisenhower re Tuttle Creek
    • Deere's Service, 1901-1966 ~ The bullet points >
      • Deere's Education & Degrees
    • The Deere's Library ~ What remains of 2,000 books -- pending project
    • Deere's Old Main Office ​ ~ SVHA member Mrs. Jaderborg in charge of cleaning it out
  • "The Other Swedes"
    • Honoring Them and Remembering Them ~ The Smoky Valley Writers >
      • Rev. Bror Carlsson ~ Tracing Värmland's Rev. Olof Olsson's church life in Sweden and in ​Swedish America with the Augustana Lutheran Synod >
        • 2001 "He Gave God Glory" - "The Story of Olof Olsson" ​~ Alf Brorson's condensed version of his father's, Rev. Bror Carlsson's 1955 manuscript, "Jag Sökte Icke Mitt," "I Did Not Seek My Own" >
          • "He Gave God Glory" ~ The Story of Olof Olsson ~ Contents & Illustrations
      • Rev. Dr. Carl Aaron Swensson ~ Prolific writer in America and Sweden from approximately 1879 to 1904
      • Bethany Church, Bethany College, Augustana Lutheran Synod Writers ​~ Remembering Rev. Dr. Carl Aaron Swensson and Rev. Dr. Ernst Frederick Pihlblad
      • ​Rev. Dr. Alfred Bergin ​~ In Swedish, writing and compiling foundational history of Swedish Smoky Valley Augustana Lutheran settlements, in 1909 and 1919 >
        • 1909 translated to "Pioneer Swedish-American Culture in Central Kansas," 1965 ~ By Mrs. Bergin Billdt
        • 1919 translated to "The Smoky Valley in The After Years," 1969 ~ By Mrs. Bergin Billdt & Mrs. Jaderborg
      • Dr. Emory K. Lindquist ~ "Fourth" President of Bethany College ~ Chronicling Swedish Augustana Lutheran Lindsborg and Bethany College from their earliest years >
        • ​1953, "Smoky Valley People, A History of Lindsborg, Kansas" ~ The Words of Dr. Lindquist and Contents & Illustrations
        • 1975 "Bethany in Kansas, the history of a college" ~ The Words of Dr. Lindquist >
          • "Bethany in Kansas" PART I ~ Contents & Illustrations
          • "Bethany in Kansas" PART II ~ Contents & Illustrations
        • 1984 "Hagbard Brase, Beloved Music Master" ~ The Words of Dr. Lindquist >
          • "Hagbard Brase" ~ Contents and Illustrations
        • 1989 "G. N. Malm - A Swedish Immigrant's Varied Career" ~ The Words of Dr. Lindquist with chapters by Hasselmo, Holm, Skårdal, & translation by Van Boer >
          • "G. N. Malm" ~ Contents & Illustrations
      • Mrs. Elizabeth Jaderborg ​ ~ Chronicling the Lindsborg of her day, its early histories, its early citizens [Remarks on Dr. Einar Jaderborg and Messiah Bass Soloist Thure Jaderborg] >
        • 1965 "Lindsborg On Record" ~ Contents & Illustrations
        • 1967 "Living in Lindsborg and Other Possibilities" ~ Contents & Illustrations
        • 1973 "Talk About Lindsborg" ~ Contents & Illustrations
        • 1976 "Why Lindsborg" ~ An introduction: H. M. Carl XVI Gustaf of the Kingdom of Sweden >
          • 1976 "Why Lindsborg?" ~ Contents & Illustrations
        • ​1990 "Two Reprints" ~ Contents & Illustrations
      • Mr. A. John Pearson ~ Chronicling the "first" 8 Bethany College presidents, "Messiah" history and much more >
        • 1981 ​On "Bethany College" History for 100 Years ~ The Words of Mr. Pearson
        • ​​1982 On " 'Messiah" Centennial History for 100 Years ​ ~ The Compiler, and the Words of, Mr. A. John Pearson ​
      • Rev. Eugene K. Nelson and the Bethany Home Writers ~ Chronicling the "only known written" story on the beginnings of Bethany Home​ of 1907
      • Dr. Leon G. Lungstrom ​~ Chronicling Bethany College natural science and mathematics, the professors and societies, the Museum, and Old Main, 1881-1990 >
        • ​1990 "History of Natural Science and Mathematics at Bethany College, Lindsborg, Kansas" ~ "Table of Contents" >
          • Dr. Lungstrom Chapters >
            • "Introduction"
            • "Bethany College History Concerning the Natural Sciences and Mathematics"
            • Bethany College "Museum" ​
            • "Societies on the College Campus Associated with Mathematics and Natural Sciences"
            • ​"Tabulation of Teachers and Assistants in Natural Sciences and Mathematics"
            • The Old Main Building and Nelson Science Hall"
            • Bethany College Catalogue Cover
          • Dr. Lungstrom's References >
            • "Bethany Messenger" ~ Science and mathematics' headlines ~ 1893 to 1987
            • "Lindsborg News-Record" ~ Science and mathematics' headlines ~ 1901 to 1990
            • "Bethany College Magazine" ~ Science and mathematics' headlines ~ 1954 to 1990
            • "Daisy" and/or "Bethanian" ~ List of Science & Math Faculty Photographs ~ 1908 - 1990
        • Dr. Lungstrom ~ "Master Teacher" "Master Learner" >
          • Dr. Lungstrom ~ His Värmland Swedish ancestry and tough years on the McPherson County family farm
      • Smoky Valley Historical Association Members ~ Chronicling 1993 " Where Did They Live? " "Early Residences of Lindsborg, Kansas"
      • Mr. Thomas N. Holmquist ~ Chronicling Lindsborg's neighbors, the Galesburg Augustana Lutheran Swedes of Salemsborg and Freemount, with a personal connection, 1868 >
        • ​1994 "Pioneer Cross: Swedish Settlements Along the Smoky Hill Bluffs" ~ The Words of Mr. Holmquist
        • "Pioneer Cross" ~ Contents & Illustrations
      • Mr. Alf Brorson ~ Connecting Lindsborg Swedes to their Swedish Lutheran Christian Founder Rev. Olsson in 2001, and to Sweden with the "Sweden Letter" since 2008
      • Mr. Chris Abercrombie ~ Remembering him as historian, writer, researcher, interviewer and collector of local artifacts - Remembering his legacy >
        • ~The 2006 Abercrombie interview with Ken Sjogren on Bethany's challenging times, 1960s to early 70s
      • Mr. Bill Carlson ~ Chronicling Lindsborg's earliest and later histories with a personal connection, since 1867 >
        • 2011 "Lindsborg Then and Lindsborg Now" ​ ~ The words of Bill Carlson >
          • "Lindsborg Then and Lindsborg Now" ​ ~ The words of Bill Carlson, the "Conclusion" chapter >
            • "Lindsborg Then and Lindsborg Now" ~ Contents & Illustrations
        • 2016 ~ Mr. Calrson's account of "1976 King of Sweden's Visit to Bethany Home'"
      • Ms. Karen A. Humphrey ~ Chronicling highlights of Swedish Augustana Lutheran Lindsborg and Bethany College culture in the earliest years >
        • 2012 "Grace, Faith and the Power of Singing: The Alma Christina Lind Swensson Story" ~The Words of Ms. Humphrey
        • "Grace, Faith and the Power of Singing" ~ Contents & Illustrations
      • ​​​Mrs. Margaret Dahlquist Eddy ~ Chronicling Lindsborg Photographer Swede B.G. Gröndal Work's >
        • 2013 "Through the Lens of B.G. Gröndal: Keeper of His Time" ~ ​Contents & Photograph Titles ~ Showing Sohlberg Deere Gröndal portraits
      • ​ Mr. Kenneth Sjogren ​~ Saving and serving Bethany College, preserving college and Swedish history and culture, writing college history >
        • ​2019 "6 Decades with 12 Bethany College Presidents"​ ~ The words of Mr. Sjogren
        • "6 Decades with 12 Bethany College Presidents"​ ~ Illustrations and Chapters
      • ​Digitalize the Smoky Valley Writers' Swedish and Swedish American histories ~ For their generations to come and for research accessibility
    • ​Honoring Them and Remembering Them ~ The ​Smoky Valley History Research Writers Website Designers
    • Honoring Them and Remembering Them ~ The Lindsborg Swedes, Their Neighbors & Friends >
      • ​Rev. Dr. Olof Olsson ~ Remembering Swedish Lutheran Christian Founder of Lindsborg and Bethany Lutheran Church ​~ LINKS to accounts by Rev. Bror Carlsson, Mr. Alf Brorson, and Dr. Emory K. Lindquist
      • ​​Rev. Dr. Carl Aaron Swensson ~ Remembering “Founder” and "Second President" of Bethany College ~ LINKS to accounts by Dr. Emory K. Lindquist, and much more
      • ​Mrs. Alma Christina Lind Swensson ~ Remembering her as Mrs. Rev. Dr. Swensson, the “First Lady” of Lindsborg, ~ "Highlights" from Ms. Humphrey’s book
      • ​Rev. Dr. Edward J. Nelander​ ~ Remembering "First" President of Bethany College ~ Accounts by Dr. Lindquist and Dr. Lundstrom
      • Dr. Johan August Udden ~ Remembering "First" Bethany College professor, founder of the Museum and Spanish Chain Mail, led UT to over $300,000,000 ~ An account by Dr. Lundstrom
      • Mr. B.G. Gröndal ~ Remembering him and his photography in the earliest years of Lindsborg and Bethany College >
        • B.G. Gröndal ~ Accounts by Mr. Abercrombie and Mrs. Jaderborg with LINK to Mrs. Eddy, B.G.'s granddaughter's book review
      • ​Mr. Samuel Thorstenberg ~ Remembering him as the "first" earliest internationally acclaimed Bethany College "Messiah Chorus" conductor
      • Dr. Hagbard Brase ~ Remembering him as the "second " earliest internationally acclaimed Bethany College "Messiah Chorus" conductor
      • Rev. Dr. Ernst F. Pihlblad ~ "Third" President of Bethany College ~ An account by Dr. Lindquist
      • Miss Alma Luise Olson ~ Remembering her as "First Honored American Woman by Sweden" ~ The 1965 account by ​Mrs. Jaderborg >
        • Miss Alma Luise Olson ~ Remembering her and the extraordinary life she led at home and abroad ~ The 2012 account by Ms. Humphrey
      • Artist Birger Sandzén ~ Remembering him for "sharing his art with the world," starting "first" at Lindsborg's Bethany College >
        • The Greenoughs ~ Drs. Charles Pelham III and Margaret Elizabeth Sandzén ~ Remembering them for their gift of the Birger Sandzén Memorial Gallery and much more
      • Mr. Gustaf Nathaniel Malm ~ Remembering Lindsborg's Swedish Renaissance Man ~ Accounts by Dr. Lindquist >
        • G. N. Malm and all he did for the Lindsborg community ~ An account by Mrs. Jaderborg >
          • G. N. Malm and his Lindsborg's national interior decorating company ​​~ An account by Mrs. Jaderborg​ >
            • G. N. Malm's 1916 Christmas Greetings to His Lindsborg Friends
      • The Swedish Lindsborg Builders ~ Remembering them for the lovely homes they built
      • William Holwerda, M.D. ~ Remembering him as "Doc Bill," a city father and loving citizen ~ Accounts by Dr. Lungstrom and Mrs. Jaderborg >
        • Dr. William Holwerda ~ Remembering their family doctor with Messiah Lutheran Church tributes ~ An account by Dr. Lungstrom
      • Mr. & Mrs. Hilding Jaderborg ~ Remembering them and their “Swedish Crafts Shop” of 65 years and 50 trips to Sweden
      • Artist Lester Raymer ~ Remembering him as the renowned virtuoso artist and "behind the scenes" community supporter
      • Dr. ​& Mrs. Elmer Copley ~ Remembering them and their 29 years of dedication to that Bethany College "Messiah" tradition of excellence >
        • 1976 Dr. Elmer Copley ~ Remembering him as the “Messiah” conductor for the Bethany College "Swedish King’s," Carl XVI Gustaf's, performance >
          • 1981 Dr. Elmer Copley ~ Remembering him as the "Messiah" conductor for the Bethany College "Centennial Celebration" performance >
            • 1986 Dr. Elmer Copley ~ ~Remembering him as the “Messiah” conductor for the Bethany College televised Holy Easter Week "American Easter"
      • ​Dr. Arvin W. Hahn ​~ Remembering him, Ken Sjogren and others ​ for saving Bethany College from going under! -- "A Miracle in the Making" >
        • Dr. Arvin W. Hahn ~ Remembering him handing me my Bethany College "Bachelor of Arts" Degree on Sunday, May 26,1968
      • Dr. Greta Swenson and Mr. & Mrs. Mark Esping ~ Remembering them for founding Lindsborg's “first” "Swedish-American Folklife Institute of Central Kansas," 1986 >
        • Mr. & Mrs. Mark Esping ~ Remembering their Lindsborg's Folklife Institute's "Swedish-American Heritage Center," 1996
      • Mr. Claude Koehn ~ Remembering him as restorer and preservationist of Smoky Valley stone farmhouses and other stone structures
      • ​Ms. Rebecca Copley ~ Honoring her as Bethany College's “first” graduate to become an "International Concert and Opera Soprano" >
        • Ms. Copley's International Reviews
      • Mr. Bruce Karstadt ~ Honoring him as a Bethany College graduate for heading up a major national Swedish American institution
      • Dr. Mark Lucas ~ Honoring him as Messiah conductor for bringing the Holy Easter Lindsborg “Oberammergau of the Plains" to a “new” world audience in 2020
    • Honoring Them and Remembering Them ~ The Groupings, including Swedes from Sweden >
      • ​1882-1966 Bethany College Museum Science Professor Curators ​~ Their earliest collectors and the taxidermists
      • 1894-1962 Bethany College Graduates in Augustana Lutheran Synod World Mission Work ~ An account by Dr. Emory K. Lindquist
      • 1901-2014 The ​Bethany College Swedish Knights and Ladies ~ Honored by the Kings of Sweden
      • ​​1919 "Lindsborg Historical Society's" earliest leaders ~ Their mission and preservation projects >
        • 1963 "Smoky Valley Historical Association" (SVHA) later leaders ​~ Some more recent preservation projects
      • ​1962 - 2021 "McPherson County Old Mill Museum Leaders" ~ Detailing ​the Museum's roots to the 1930s ". . . Archeological Society" and more
      • ​1971 - 2020 "American Scandinavian Association of the Great Plains" Leaders ~ Providing cultural history and heritage programs with significant links to Sweden and Swedish America
      • 1976 His Majesty the King of Sweden, Carl XVI Gustaf's Visit to Lindsborg April 17th >
        • The Lindsborg & Bethany College "Swedes" ~ Honored by the King of Sweden, June 6, 1976
      • 1977​ Swedish Emigrant Institute Staff from Växjö, Småland, Visits Lindsborg October 16-18
      • 1978 Swedish Documen- tary Film Crew Visits Lindsborg October 2-9 >
        • "Lindsborg News-Record" Clippings of 1978 Swedish Film Crew Visit
  • Contacts
    • For 1869 Lindsborg CONTACT Today > > > > > > > > to Yesteryears > >
      • ​Lydia's Lindsborg Photography​, ​1900 - 1925 >
        • "A Time to Remember" 1882 - 1988 >
          • A Historical Count of Lindsborg Residents ~The Bethany College Presidents & Swedish Kings Honoring Bethany Swedes
    • ​For 1881 Bethany College CONTACT Today > > > > > > > > > to Yesteryears > >
      • Lydia's Bethany Photography, 1906 - 1925 >
        • Their "I WAS THERE" Coin ~ Bethany College 21st Year Celebration, 1902 >
          • "A Time to Remember" 1882 - 1988 >
            • A Historical Count ~The Bethany College Presidents & Swedish Kings Honoring Bethany Swedes >
              • "Bethany Campus Walk”
    • For 1957 Birger Sandzén Memorial Gallery CONTACT Today >
      • Sandzén: "Ecstasy of Color" ~ PBS Doucmentary ~ Aired 6/11/21
    • Closing Remarks >
      • ​ The 1941 Smoky Valley "Pioneer Cross Memorial" ​~ ​By Mr. Thomas N. Holmquist >
        • The 2009 "Smoky Valley Swedish People's Virtual Memorial"
    • Traveling through SWEDES ~ The Table of Contents
"The Other Swedes"
​~ Honoring Them and Remembering Them ~ The Smoky Valley Writers ~
​

​​Dr. Leon G. Lungstrom
​~ Chronicling Bethany College natural science and mathematics, the professors and societies,
 the Museum, and Old Main, 1881-1990 

​Dr. Leon George Lungstrom
1915 - 2000
Picture

His Lindsborg Family
​
​​Swede Dr. Leon George Lungstrom was born in 1915 in the Kansas McPherson County New Gottland Township.  In 1940, he graduated from Bethany College receiving a Bachelor of Science Degree with a major in biology and a minor in chemistry.  In 1952, he began his thirty (30) year career at Bethany as a biology professor until 1981. 

It was in 1965 that he married Linda Kay Greenwalt who had arrived in Lindsborg to teach at Bethany College in 1964 after receiving the Bachelor of Fine Arts Degree in Music Performance from Stephens College in 1961 and the Masters of Music Degree also in Music Performance from the University of 
Michigan.  Her career at Bethany College as an instructor in cello, piano and theory extended to nearly 25 years when she retired in 1989.  Her career as a performer in the Gallery Trio playing the cello, with performers pianist Ruth Ann Leaf and violinist Linda Newfield, extended decades beyond her college retirement.  
This trio was founded in 1987 for the 30th Anniversary of the Sandzén Memorial Gallery where they performed.

The couple would have two children, Michael and Laura.  As a family they worshipped at the Bethany Lutheran Church, originally a church of the Swedish Augustana Lutheran Synod.  

For more about Dr. Lungstrom's family and personal life, go HERE for Dr. Lungstrom ~  His Värmland Swedish ancestry and tough years on the McPherson County family farm.
​

Carrying on the Legacy of a Growing Science Department

The year after their marriage, in 1966, Dr. Lungstrom was seen as the professor who was carrying on the Bethany College legacy of a growing science department as described in that year's Bethanian yearbook.  This followed the glowing reports on Bethany College founder and president Rev. Dr. Carl Aaron Swensson, renown internationally known artist professor Dr. Birger Sandzén and former 30 year dean biology professor Dr. Emil O. Deere, 58 year curator of the Bethany College Natural History and Swedish Pioneer History Museum, who kept the fires burning at the College for decades.

​​From the 1966 "Bethanian"

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The above reads:

​ ". . .  what they left us . . . "
Drs. Swensson, Sandzén, Deere
and
Lungstrom
​ - the legacy
1966
​
Page 4:  "These three men set high goals for Bethany . . . goals that could not be realized in one lifetime.  Goals that are left for us to continue."

Page 5:  
"Dr. Carl Swensson and Bethany Church had a great vision of a prospering Lutheran college in the Smoky Valley.  The heart of their dream was a beautiful chapel in Old Main.  Here students meditated; here the pipe organ led them in song; here well-known and world-known voices inspired them.  The famous Dr. Birger Sandzén brought a rich and vivid talent to Bethany.  The Swedish-built Art Pavilion housed his students as it does Bethany art students today.   Dr. Emil Deere built the foundations of a growing science department.  His goals are being furthered through a former student, Dr. Leon Lungstrom who is passing this legacy on to us."
THE BOOK
Picture
Dr. Leon George Lungstrom's Book
​
397 Pages
--  A Bethany College Classic --
Recording the Curriculum, Degrees, Societies and Clubs --

Providing Professors Biographies
Providing "only" information on Bethany College Natural History and Swedish Pioneer History Museum
​Providing detailed information on Old Main

Providing headlines from 4 publications
on the
Natural Science and Mathematics Departments

*     *     * ​
Dr. Lungstrom had an incredibly fulfilling life as a college professor at Bethany and he could see near the end of it that some kind of history should be written about his experience there and those of others.  Therefore, he set out to write his "History of Natural Science and Mathematics at Bethany College, Lindsborg, Kansas" which was to be 397 pages and was finished for distribution in 1990.  He was 75 years old.

Dr. Lungstrom's close association with Dr. Emil O. Deere who had the longest link to Bethany College history, one which spanned sixty-seven (67) years, from 1899 to 1966, probably, more than any other factor, gave him an appreciation and a perspective for the value of Bethany College history, and why he should add to it for Bethany.  
​

After graduating from Bethany College and the broadening experiences of graduate studies at many universities that followed, the career as an e
ntomologist concentrating on mosquitoes U. S. Army work, along with his employment beginning at Bethany in 1952 (the summer of which he traveled throughout Europe) and ending in 1981, the career span of which he would interact with five presidents: Dr. Emory K. Lindquist (1941-1953), Dr. Robert A. L. Mortvedt (1953-1958), Rev. Dr. L. Dale Lund (1958-1965), Rev. Dr. Gustav Kenneth Andeen (1965-1967), and Dr. Arvin W. Hahn (1967-1983), as well as observe many challenging and great events and changes there, including his role in 1966 in the transfer of the Bethany College Museum Natural History and Swedish Pioneer History Collections to the McPherson County Old Mill Museum due to the scheduled historic 1968 razing of the "Old Main Building," sent him "quietly" to work in the late 1980s on his "Bethany Story."

For Dr. Lungstrom knew all along that he could very well be "the only person left" to put down some words on the earliest days of the College, the Museum, and the professors and their activities involved in the fields of Science and Mathematics that he and they so loved.

​
In his own words, Dr. Lungstrom recalls:

 
"...the author ...was one of the few still around ...having had considerable experience in...Old Main.…"  "Soon much of this information will be unattainable if not recorded now. ...No doubt this could not have been collected anywhere else again." 
​

Dr. Lungstrom's book is rare and exceptional giving one an inside look at the Bethany College Departments of Natural Science and Mathematics.  There has been no other book written like this about the other Bethany College academic departments.

​Highlights of Book Discussed
​
Unique and rare Bethany College professors of Science and Mathematics' biographical sketches

Central in his book, from 1881 to around 1987, are biographical sketches of the professors, including information on their parents and their country of origin, many of whom immigrated from Sweden or their parents did.  Of these are provided a selection of seventeen (17) Bethany College science professors' biographical sketches, one of whom was from India, professor Dr. Sundapalayan N. Devanathan; and another selection of six (6) mathematics professors' biographical sketches, two of whom were women: professors Anna Marm and Jen Jenkins.   In addition to these fields, his sketches cover "Computer Science," on three (3) professors, including one of whom was from India, professor Sridhar Seshadri, and one woman from Kuwait, professor Reni A. Abraham, whose husband, professor Sajan Abraham, as well was at Bethany lecturing in his fields of "Business and Economics."  Dr. Lungstrom also includes, a field no longer taught in colleges and universities, "Home Economics," taught by professor Mildred Holmberg, who was also heavily involved in missionary work through the Evangelical Covenant Church of Lindsborg.

Also included are the curator professors of the 
Bethany College Natural History and Swedish Pioneer History Museum: August Udden, J. Westlund, J. E. Welin and Emil O. Deere, and the professors who planned and helped move the collections of this museum to the McPherson County Old Mill Museum in 1966.  Included here were Dr. Deere, biology professor Dr. Glenn Bellah, physics professor emeritus Christian Swenson, and, of course, the author, biology professor Dr. Leon Lungstrom. 

​
Providing a chapter on the Bethany College Natural History and Swedish Pioneer History Museum--an "only" written account

The reason this information on these professors is so important is because there is very little, if any information, on any of the professors at Bethany College, other than Deere, as well there is NO information on the Bethany College Natural History and Swedish Pioneer History Museum, as reported by the Bethany College Archives in 2017.*  More important is that, t
oday, this Bethany College Museum enriched by its natural history and Swedish pioneer history collections of which was noted in the latter 1970s as one of the finest of its kind of college museums in the Midwest, is all but unknown to the Bethany College administration, faculty and students as well as to the general population of Lindsborg, other than the last-living-links who have known about it for decades, and who will soon be gone.

The evidence of the Bethany College Natural History Museum collection which included the taxidermy and fossil collections remained in the McPherson County Old Mill Museum up until this institution became the Lindsborg Old Mill and Swedish Heritage Museum under new ownership on August 1, 2021.  Soon after, the College Natural History Museum collection, including Dr. Lungstrom's collection of 600 mounted animals, 200 of which he mounted, was placed in safe storage as reported by the startup Executive Director Kay Quinn in an email of November 18, 2021. 

As stated before, Dr. Lungstrom's book is most probably the only Swedish and Swedish American Kansas Smoky Valley book that contains one chapter on this once most important college museum.  (Dr. Emory Lindquist writes 3 sentences on the Natural History Museum (first formed before the addition of the Swedish pioneer history collections to it), within the first paragraph on page 25 from his 1975 Bethany in Kansas, the history of a college.  See it HERE.)  Thus, the value of Dr. Lungstrom's book is increased exponentially.

Curriculum, degree programs and societies described

Dr. Lungstrom also 
details the stages of growth of each department by sharing the curriculum and their corresponding degree programs from 1881 to the late 1980s.  ​He provides a list of the societies during this period related to these fields of study. 

Gathering information

>> From publications

He provides 
Bethany College science and mathematics headlines in four publications:  The Bethany Messenger (1893-1990), Lindsborg News-Record (1901-1990), Bethany College Magazine (1954-1990), and the Daisy (1881-1912).  Many of these headlines belonged to the articles he used when writing this book.  There is a section in SWEDES called "The References" that is being established listing a large number of them.

>> From persons and letters

​
Gathering some of this information came from his visiting the professors, their families and from personal letters.  
Additional information on the professors came from professor of business and economics Mrs. Clara Tow. 

>> From Mr. John Altenborg on Old Main

​Information on Old Main came from Mr. John Altenborg of Lindsborg who provided important material on the floor plan, blue prints of this once "largest building of its kind west of the Mississippi" and "the biggest and best" in Kansas, quotes by college founder Rev. Dr. Carl Aaron Swensson, who begged the Bethany College Board of Directors for permission to build it. This grand building was named "Bethany College and Normal Institute" on its dedication date of June 2, 1887. It was designed by Swedish Lawrence Gustuv Hallberg of Chicago who patterned the middle part of the roof after Stockholm’s Grand Central Hotel. 

Dr. Lungstrom did an extraordinary job on describing Old Main in great detail that included images of the blue print drawings.  In memory for the last-living-links to this history on Old Main, and in books, it was the most notable and recognizable building of the college, and, thus, its presence highlighted the College's outstanding and noteworthy growth and development since its founding in 1881. 

>> From Old Main's floors before its razing

Much of Dr. Lungstrom's information came directly from scraps of papers scattered all over the floors of this five (5) story structure.  Old Main was demolished in 1968 to be replaced by the Wallerstedt Learning Center. (The Center was dedicated on October 18, 1970, to be home to the Wallerstedt Library and Wallerstedt Social Science Center. Other titles, newer titles, have evolved since, like the Bethany College Archives and the Heritage Center or the Archives and the Heritage Center.)
Book's Rarity
Dr. Lungstrom's book's unique subjects and its rarity makes it all the more valuable to Bethany College, Lindsborg and the other Smoky Valley communities and to Swedish America.

His manuscript would never see a reviewer to write a Foreword, nor see an editor or a publisher.  As indicated above, it would remain in its typewritten form, be copied and bound for "a limited readership." It is copyrighted. However, it may not have been recorded in the Library of Congress for there is no record of it.   Yet, as indicated above, the contents "only" found within its pages are very valuable to Bethany College foundational academic history and should be valued as such.

The small distribution of "History of Natural Science and Mathematics at Bethany College, Lindsborg, Kansas" 
was done privately, as indicated by the COPY NUMBER __________ on its second page.  It was distributed to a small group of persons most likely consisting of Bethany's natural science and mathematics professors or their children, and to other interested persons and libraries.

Mrs. Joyce Englund
 Her role in the production of Dr. Lungstrom's book
​
Unlike Dr. Lindquist, who had dozens of individuals to assist him with the various needs that accompany one in the writing of a book, Dr. Lungstrom worked on his narrative all on his own with the exception of one person, the "typist," Mrs.  Joyce Englund (1937-2019), wife of the Bethany College Professor Emeritus of Chemistry Charles 'Doc' Englund, who would type the 397 page manuscript. 

Dr. Lungstrom was one of countless professors and students who owed part of their success to the professional papers she produced for them.   He writes: 
​
     "The author wishes to express his thanks to Joyce England for her work in helping to prepare the manuscript into the final finished copy, which would have been difficult without her dedicated labor. She provided valuable suggestions from time to time as the work was progressing." 
​
Many Chapters and References Included
​
Due to the rarity of this book, SWEDES is providing 13 sections, most composed of "chapters" and the others composed of "References," the publications Dr. Lungstrom used for his book.   Also included in the chapters is one full biography style, on "first" professor of the Bethany Academy, i.e. Bethany College, Dr. Johan August Udden.

Where can this book be found?
​
Director Denise Carson of the Bethany College Archives reported in an email on September 25, 2017, that it had two (2) copies, but these are not noted in the online catalog under the title.  However, under Dr. Lungstrom's name the book is listed with his other publications.  The only other indications of where this book might be found was through WorldCat (Search libraries throughout the world.) where one (1) was noted and the the Lindsborg Community Library has one (1) copy in their Heritage Collection as discovered February 25, 2023.  Dr. Lungstrom notes, somewhere in his book, that the Topeka, Kansas Historical Society and at the Rock Island, Illinois, Augustana College Swenson Immigration Center libraries, each have a copy.

Below is a count of all of the Smoky Valley Writers books used in SWEDES.  Just click on "Download File" in blue.
the_legacy_smoky_valley_writers_collection_count_--_update_2_27_23.docx
File Size: 29 kb
File Type: docx
Download File

Digitalize for Posterity and Perpetuity
​
This book, especially, should certainly be digitalize for posterity and perpetuity, for its historical foundational importance.  HERE is more information on digitalization.
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​

​These are the first five pages of Dr. Lungstrom's 1990
​ 
"History of Natural Science and Mathematics at Bethany College, Lindsborg, Kansas" 

 Remembered Posthumously
​
TO COME . . .
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​
For more on Dr. Lungstrom, the Bethany College biology professor, go HERE to Dr. Lungstrom ~ "Master Teacher"  "Master Learner."  Go HERE to Dr. Johan August Udden, 1859-1932, by Dr. Leon Lungstrom.  This is an example of one of his biographical sketches.  Dr. Udden was the first professor at Bethany College arriving there in 1881.  Go HERE for

​For Dr. Lungstrom's book's Table of Contents, go HERE.

​For the book's selected CHAPTERS with LINKS, go HERE.

​For the book's selected REFERENCES with LINKS, go HERE.

​
*     September 25, 2017 email from Bethany College Wallerstedt Learning Center Archives.  
**   December 19, 2018 email from Bethany College Wallerstedt Learning Center Archives.  
***   December 19, 2018 email from Bethany College Wallerstedt Learning Center Archives.
****  I will be working on the References in spare time as there are hundreds if not thousands of them​

*   *   *​
Dr. and Mrs. Leon Lungstrom
[Mrs. 
Linda Kay Greenwalt Lungstrom]
Picture
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​I am incredibly appreciative to Mrs. Leon (Linda) Lungstrom, who on January 31, 2016, allowed me to share selections of her husband's book in SWEDES, the volume of which most of the Lindsborg and Bethany College communities knows very little, if anything. 

Information on Dr. Lungstrom is from his book and personally knowing him, and on Mrs. Lungstrom, it is from LinkedIn and the 2008 Lindsborg's​ Midsummer's Day Festival program.

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*     *     * ​
" Let Us Remember Them "


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