SWEDES: TheWayTheyWere
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    • The Bethany Artist & the Bethany Scientist: Lydia & Emil ------------------------- \\// >
      • Lydia's and Emil's Smoky Valley Swedish Immigration Background ​ ~ With a far larger account of why Swedes were leaving Sweden by Mr. Holmquist >
        • Their 1869 Swedish Lutheran Galesburg Colony and Olsson Colony Smoky Valley Arrivals, ~ With a Galesburg account by Mr. Holmquist >
          • Their Värmland Swedes ~ The "First Swedish Agricultural Company" Lindsborg Founders, 1868, ~ An account by Dr. Lindquist >
            • Swedish Pastor Olof Olsson Emigrating to Lindsborg 1869, June 27th Arrival ~ An account by Dr. Lindquist >
              • Bethany Lutheran Church and Lindsborg Founder Pastor Olsson, 1869 - 1876 ~ An account by Dr. Lindquist
      • Their 1869 "Bethany Lutheran Church" ~ Accounts by Dr. Lindquist and Mr. Carlson >
        • ​Their 1860-1962 "Augustana Evangelical Lutheran Synod" ~ Gaining and losing its Swedish identity >
          • The 1860 Formation of the Augustana Synod ~ An Account by Mr. Holmquist >
            • Their 1892 "Augustana Women's Missionary Society" ~ An account by Ms. Humphrey >
              • The 2000 - 2016 "Augustana Heritage Association"
      • Their 1879 "Swedish Mission Church" formation by former Bethany Lutheran Church members ​ due to the "atonement" issue ​ ~ An account by Mr. Carlson ~ Part 1 of 2 >
        • An account by Dr. Lindquist ~ Part 2 of 2
      • Their 1907 "Bethany Lutheran Home" ~ Link to the Bethany Home Story >
        • 1976 Lindsborg’s Bethany Home’s Swedish King's Visit ~ An account by Mr. Carlson
      • Their 1909 and 1919 Swedish Smoky Valley Community Chronicles ~ Compiled and written by Bethany Lutheran Church Rev. Dr. Bergin, members and others
      • Their 1910 English speaking "Messiah Lutheran Church" formation by former Bethany Lutheran Church members ~ An account by Dr. Lindquist >
        • An account on the 1910 Messiah Lutheran Church formation from Rev. Dr. Bergin's 1909 ​"Pioneer Swedish-American Culture of Central Kansas"
      • Their 1916 Sohlberg House ​ ~ 322 North First [College] Street ~After their honeymoon
      • Their 1919 Lindsborg Historical Society's "Coronado Heights" ~ Emil's 1907 thesis and Lydia's photographs >
        • The ​1919 Formation of the "Lindsborg Historical Society" ~ The Smoky Hills' "Smoky Hill" christened "Coronado Heights" May 8, 1924 >
          • G. N. Malm's role in the development of the Lindsborg Historical Society and Coronado Heights ​~ An account by Dr. Lindquist >
            • Lindsborg Historical Society and Coronado Heights History ~ Three (3) accounts by Mrs. Jaderborg, former SVHA secretary >
              • Coronado Expedition Chain Mail and Bethany College Museum History ~ An account from Dr. Lungstrom's book
      • Their 1920 Old Main Apartments of Bethany College ~ Living on campus with the students for 20 years
      • Their 1936 1873 Swedish Homestead," "Our Peaceful Acres" >
        • Their 1873 Swede House ~ A close twin to Lindsborg Founder Rev. Olof Olsson's stone house >
          • Peaceful Acres Smoky Valley descendant friends and helpers ~ Honoring them and remembering them
      • Their 1940 Deere Home to 1943 ​~ 344 North First [College] Street ~ With new occupants after Lydia >
        • Emil's and Nina's 1961Thunderbird on the Bethany Campus ~ Promoting 21st Century Bethany College in Silicon Valley with alumni and students
      • Their 1941 "Svensk Hyllningsfest" and Dr. Holwerda's Role ~ Accounts by Dr. Lungstrom, Mrs. Jaderborg, Dr. Holwerda & Mr. Lundstrom >
        • Their 1964, "Lindsborg Swedish Folk Dancers" founded by Mrs. Jaderborg ~ An account by Mr. Chris Abercrombie
      • 1943, After Lydia, Emil's part planning Lindsborg's "first" hospital and Dr. Holwerda's role ~ An account by Dr. Lungstrom
    • Their "1881" on . . . Lutheran Bethany Academy 1882 ~ Their 1882 "First Lutheran College Building"
    • Their 1882-1966 "Bethany College Museum" ~ The Natural History and Pioneer Swedish Collections >
      • Fossils Collection ~ From Old Main to the McPherson County Old Mill Museum, 1966, ~ “The Find” >
        • Taxidermy Collection ~ From Old Main to the McPherson County Old Mill Museum, 1966 >
          • 900 Item Emil O. Deere Pioneer Swedish Collection ~ From Old Main to the McPherson County Old Mill Museum, 1966 >
            • Cliff Dwellers' Pottery Collection ~ From Old Main to the Birger Sandzén Memorial Gallery, 1966
      • The 1966 Bethany College Museum Collections Move to the Old Mill Museum ~ Dr. Leon Lungstrom's Role >
        • Articles on the Bethany College Museum Collections Move of 1966
    • Their 1882 on . . . Bethany College Handel’s “Messiah" Performances >
      • "Messiah" Performers, Venues & Audiences, Press and Broadcasts >
        • Special 20th Century "Messiah" Performances >
          • "The Notables, Messiah Week, . . . ~ An account by Mrs. Jaderborg >
            • Handel's "Messiah" & Bach's "St. Matthew Passion" ~ Described for viewers unfamiliar with these oratorios
    • Their “1899 on . . .” Bethany College “Swedish Artists’ Midwest Art Exhibition” ​~ An account by the Birger Sandzén Memorial Gallery
    • Their 1903 on . . . Bethany College "Rockar Stockar!" and the 1902 on . . . "Terrible Swedes" ~ An account by Dr. Lindquist
    • Their “1904 on . . .” Bethany College St. Louis World's Fair “Swedish Pavilion”
    • Their "1895 to 1981" Bethany College Anniversary Celebrations ~ 15, 20, 25, 100 years >
      • Their Celebrating 15 Years of Bethany College, 1881-1896. The First "Bethany Annual," 1895-96 >
        • Their Celebrating 20 Years of Bethany College, 1881-1901. The "Forget-Me-Not," 1902 >
          • The King of Sweden's Emissary, 1901 >
            • Yale University's Bethany Club
      • Their Celebrating 25 Years of Bethany College, 1881-1906. ~ "Souvenir of Lindsborg and Bethany College"
      • Their Celebrating 100 Years of Bethany College, 1881-1981 ~ "The Centennial of Bethany College"
    • Their 1937 Bethany College's Introduction to 1638 New Sweden >
      • Deere's Introduction to New Sweden
  • Swedish Immigration Story, 1854
    • "The Story of the Old Spoon" by Ingrid Anderson Sohlberg & Daughter Lydia Sohlberg Deere, 1937
    • Who They Left Behind
    • From Sweden with Love Collections >
      • The Swedish Sohlberg Kosta Portraits, 1867 >
        • The Swedish Sohlberg Kosta Glass >
          • The Swedish Sohlberg Letters
      • The Swedish Sohlberg Royal Gold Thread Embroidery Sampler (c1890s)
      • The Swedish Sohlberg Post Cards (c1890s)
      • The Swedish Sohlberg Magazines, (c1940s)
      • The Swedish Sohlberg Books, 1819/1886 to 1899
      • The Swedish Sohlberg Albums ~ Late 19th early 20th centuries
      • The Swedish Deere Coins -- 1801-1929
  • Artist Lydia Sohlberg Deere
    • Lydia's Lindsborg Photography, 1900-1925 >
      • The Hats
      • The Smoky River
      • The Smoky Hills >
        • Coronado Heights -- One Winter's Day
      • In and Around Lindsborg
      • Sohlberg House with Parents >
        • Our Sohlberg Home and Neighbor Alma Luise Olson
      • Sohlberg House with Emil 1916 to 1920 >
        • Lydia's Travels with Deere 1916 - 1930s >
          • Lydia's California Photographs for Painting >
            • Lydia's "Palm Springs Pictorial Magazine, 1938-1939 >
              • Lydia's California Pressed Wild Flowers, c1930
      • "LYDIA'S WORLD" Photography Exhibitions in Lindsborg, 2005 - 2011 >
        • ​"LYDIA'S WORLD" Smoky Valley descendant friends caring for her work ​ ~ Honoring them and remembering them ~ 2005-2011
      • 2021 Lindsborg's Lydia Sohlberg Deere ~ Discovered by Palm Springs, former "NY Times" Writer of Lindsborg's Christina Lillian
    • Lydia as Bethany College Lane Hart Hall Dean of Women, 1906 - 1913 ~ Swedish and Scandinavian Handwork Instructor >
      • Lydia's Signatured Black Book of Her Handwritten Sewing Instructions >
        • Nina Sohlberg's Child's Sewing "Little Dots" PICTURE BOOK
      • Lydia Sohlberg Deere's 1927 "Lindsborg Swedish Club's" Handwork and Members >
        • The Lindsborg Swedish Club's "Allers Monster-Tidnings" magazine, 1940
    • Lydia's Art, 1919-1938 >
      • Lydia's Art: The Kansas Collection >
        • The Sketches
      • Lydia's Art: The Colorado, Wyoming, Utah, Arizona, New Mexico, South Dakota Collection >
        • The Sketches
      • Lydia's Art: The California Collection >
        • The Sketches >
          • Lydia's "Palm Springs Magazine " 1938-39
    • Lydia's Art Professor Sven Birger Sandzén, 1871-1954 >
      • Lydia's Assignments for Professor Sandzén >
        • Students of Sandzén 2019 Exhibition >
          • Bethany Home ~ Celebrating Artist Birger Sandzén through his students' paintings
    • Lydia's Art Professor Birger Sandzén's "Art Exhibitions" and "Reviews" .. 1893-1940 >
      • Lydia's Art Professor Sandzén's Exhibition at the Babcock Gallery in New York, 1922
      • Lydia's Sandzén's Body of Work Reviewed by N.Y.C, 1984 "American Impressionism," author William H. Gerdts
    • Lydia's and Sandzén's Swedish Artist Friend Charles Edward Hallberg, 1855-1940
    • Lydia's and Sandzén's Swedish Artist Friend Oscar Brousse Jacobson, 1882-1966
    • Lydia’s Sohlberg Family Connection to Sandzén, 1880-1894-1993
  • Scientist Emil O. Deere
    • Deere's & Lydia's Bethany -- Lydia's Bethany Photography, 1906-1925 >
      • Bethany College "Campus from Above"
      • Bethany College "The Gateway," 1917 and "Bethany Campus Association," 1912
      • Bethany College "College Street," today's "North First Street"
      • Bethany College "Campus Life"
      • Bethany College "Field Trips"
      • Bethany College's "Earliest Buildings" >
        • Bethany College "​Ladies Dormitory" / "Lane Hart Hall" 1883 - 1899 - 1983
        • Bethany College "Old Main" 1887-1968 >
          • Lydia's and Emil's Old Main Apartments, 1920 to 1940 >
            • Deere's Bethany College Classes in Old Main
        • Bethany College "Messiah Auditorium" / "Ling Auditorium" / "Ling Gymnasium" 1895 - 1946
        • Bethany College "Swedish Pavilion," 1904
        • Bethany College "​Carnegie Library" / "Bethany Library" 1908 - 1980
        • Bethany College "​Bethany Academy" 1882 -- Swensson's Bethany's Beginnings
    • Deere's 1959 Interview on Rev. Dr. Carl A. Swensson (On YouTube) >
      • Rev. Dr. Carl Aaron Swensson, 1857-1904 ~ An account by Dr. Lindquist >
        • Swensson's "Bethany Lutheran Church" and the "Augustana Lutheran Synod"
        • Swensson's Bethany's Beginnings: "The Bethany Academy of 1882"
        • Olsson's Influence, the Swenssons,' the Musicians' and Singers,' "Messiah," 1882 on … >
          • Mr. Thure Olof Jaderborg, Sr. ~ One Lindsborg "Messiah" Commitment from 1901-1954
        • Swensson's Swedish Artists of the 1890s
        • Swensson's "Bethany College Museum," 1882 - 1966
      • In Memorium**Dr. Carl Aaron Swensson, 1904 ~ An account by Dr. Lindquist
    • Deere's Rev. Dr. Ernst F. Pihlblad, 1873-1943 ~ An account by Dr. Lindquist >
      • In Memoriam**Dr. Ernst F. Pihlblad, 1943
      • Rev. Dr. Pihlblad on Bethany College, 1904 - 1941
    • Deere's Swensson's "Bethany College Museum" 1882-1966 >
      • Deere's Swensson's Bethany College Museum Collections ~ to 1966
    • Deere's Smithsonian Institution's Souvenir, 1904
    • Deere's 1940 Presidential Address to the Kansas Academy of Science
    • Deere's 1955 Letter to President Eisenhower re Tuttle Creek
    • Deere's Service, 1901-1966 ~ The bullet points >
      • Deere's Education & Degrees
    • The Deere's Library ~ What remains of 2,000 books -- pending project
    • Deere's Old Main Office ​ ~ SVHA member Mrs. Jaderborg in charge of cleaning it out
  • "The Other Swedes"
    • Honoring Them and Remembering Them ~ The Smoky Valley Writers >
      • Rev. Bror Carlsson ~ Tracing Värmland's Rev. Olof Olsson's church life in Sweden and in ​Swedish America with the Augustana Lutheran Synod >
        • 2001 "He Gave God Glory" - "The Story of Olof Olsson" ​~ Alf Brorson's condensed version of his father's, Rev. Bror Carlsson's 1955 manuscript, "Jag Sökte Icke Mitt," "I Did Not Seek My Own" >
          • "He Gave God Glory" ~ The Story of Olof Olsson ~ Contents & Illustrations
      • Rev. Dr. Carl Aaron Swensson ~ Prolific writer in America and Sweden from approximately 1879 to 1904
      • Bethany Church, Bethany College, Augustana Lutheran Synod Writers ​~ Remembering Rev. Dr. Carl Aaron Swensson and Rev. Dr. Ernst Frederick Pihlblad
      • ​Rev. Dr. Alfred Bergin ​~ In Swedish, writing and compiling foundational history of Swedish Smoky Valley Augustana Lutheran settlements, in 1909 and 1919 >
        • 1909 translated to "Pioneer Swedish-American Culture in Central Kansas," 1965 ~ By Mrs. Bergin Billdt
        • 1919 translated to "The Smoky Valley in The After Years," 1969 ~ By Mrs. Bergin Billdt & Mrs. Jaderborg
      • Dr. Emory K. Lindquist ~ "Fourth" President of Bethany College ~ Chronicling Swedish Augustana Lutheran Lindsborg and Bethany College from their earliest years >
        • ​1953, "Smoky Valley People, A History of Lindsborg, Kansas" ~ The Words of Dr. Lindquist and Contents & Illustrations
        • 1975 "Bethany in Kansas, the history of a college" ~ The Words of Dr. Lindquist >
          • "Bethany in Kansas" PART I ~ Contents & Illustrations
          • "Bethany in Kansas" PART II ~ Contents & Illustrations
        • 1984 "Hagbard Brase, Beloved Music Master" ~ The Words of Dr. Lindquist >
          • "Hagbard Brase" ~ Contents and Illustrations
        • 1989 "G. N. Malm - A Swedish Immigrant's Varied Career" ~ The Words of Dr. Lindquist with chapters by Hasselmo, Holm, Skårdal, & translation by Van Boer >
          • "G. N. Malm" ~ Contents & Illustrations
      • Mrs. Elizabeth Jaderborg ​ ~ Chronicling the Lindsborg of her day, its early histories, its early citizens [Remarks on Dr. Einar Jaderborg and Messiah Bass Soloist Thure Jaderborg] >
        • 1965 "Lindsborg On Record" ~ Contents & Illustrations
        • 1967 "Living in Lindsborg and Other Possibilities" ~ Contents & Illustrations
        • 1973 "Talk About Lindsborg" ~ Contents & Illustrations
        • 1976 "Why Lindsborg" ~ An introduction: H. M. Carl XVI Gustaf of the Kingdom of Sweden >
          • 1976 "Why Lindsborg?" ~ Contents & Illustrations
        • ​1990 "Two Reprints" ~ Contents & Illustrations
      • Mr. A. John Pearson ~ Chronicling the "first" 8 Bethany College presidents, "Messiah" history and much more >
        • 1981 ​On "Bethany College" History for 100 Years ~ The Words of Mr. Pearson
        • ​​1982 On " 'Messiah" Centennial History for 100 Years ​ ~ The Compiler, and the Words of, Mr. A. John Pearson ​
      • Rev. Eugene K. Nelson and the Bethany Home Writers ~ Chronicling the "only known written" story on the beginnings of Bethany Home​ of 1907
      • Dr. Leon G. Lungstrom ​~ Chronicling Bethany College natural science and mathematics, the professors and societies, the Museum, and Old Main, 1881-1990 >
        • ​1990 "History of Natural Science and Mathematics at Bethany College, Lindsborg, Kansas" ~ "Table of Contents" >
          • Dr. Lungstrom Chapters >
            • "Introduction"
            • "Bethany College History Concerning the Natural Sciences and Mathematics"
            • Bethany College "Museum" ​
            • "Societies on the College Campus Associated with Mathematics and Natural Sciences"
            • ​"Tabulation of Teachers and Assistants in Natural Sciences and Mathematics"
            • The Old Main Building and Nelson Science Hall"
            • Bethany College Catalogue Cover
          • Dr. Lungstrom's References >
            • "Bethany Messenger" ~ Science and mathematics' headlines ~ 1893 to 1987
            • "Lindsborg News-Record" ~ Science and mathematics' headlines ~ 1901 to 1990
            • "Bethany College Magazine" ~ Science and mathematics' headlines ~ 1954 to 1990
            • "Daisy" and/or "Bethanian" ~ List of Science & Math Faculty Photographs ~ 1908 - 1990
        • Dr. Lungstrom ~ "Master Teacher" "Master Learner" >
          • Dr. Lungstrom ~ His Värmland Swedish ancestry and tough years on the McPherson County family farm
      • Smoky Valley Historical Association Members ~ Chronicling 1993 " Where Did They Live? " "Early Residences of Lindsborg, Kansas"
      • Mr. Thomas N. Holmquist ~ Chronicling Lindsborg's neighbors, the Galesburg Augustana Lutheran Swedes of Salemsborg and Freemount, with a personal connection, 1868 >
        • ​1994 "Pioneer Cross: Swedish Settlements Along the Smoky Hill Bluffs" ~ The Words of Mr. Holmquist
        • "Pioneer Cross" ~ Contents & Illustrations
      • Mr. Alf Brorson ~ Connecting Lindsborg Swedes to their Swedish Lutheran Christian Founder Rev. Olsson in 2001, and to Sweden with the "Sweden Letter" since 2008
      • Mr. Chris Abercrombie ~ Remembering him as historian, writer, researcher, interviewer and collector of local artifacts - Remembering his legacy >
        • ~The 2006 Abercrombie interview with Ken Sjogren on Bethany's challenging times, 1960s to early 70s
      • Mr. Bill Carlson ~ Chronicling Lindsborg's earliest and later histories with a personal connection, since 1867 >
        • 2011 "Lindsborg Then and Lindsborg Now" ​ ~ The words of Bill Carlson >
          • "Lindsborg Then and Lindsborg Now" ​ ~ The words of Bill Carlson, the "Conclusion" chapter >
            • "Lindsborg Then and Lindsborg Now" ~ Contents & Illustrations
        • 2016 ~ Mr. Calrson's account of "1976 King of Sweden's Visit to Bethany Home'"
      • Ms. Karen A. Humphrey ~ Chronicling highlights of Swedish Augustana Lutheran Lindsborg and Bethany College culture in the earliest years >
        • 2012 "Grace, Faith and the Power of Singing: The Alma Christina Lind Swensson Story" ~The Words of Ms. Humphrey
        • "Grace, Faith and the Power of Singing" ~ Contents & Illustrations
      • ​​​Mrs. Margaret Dahlquist Eddy ~ Chronicling Lindsborg Photographer Swede B.G. Gröndal Work's >
        • 2013 "Through the Lens of B.G. Gröndal: Keeper of His Time" ~ ​Contents & Photograph Titles ~ Showing Sohlberg Deere Gröndal portraits
      • ​ Mr. Kenneth Sjogren ​~ Saving and serving Bethany College, preserving college and Swedish history and culture, writing college history >
        • ​2019 "6 Decades with 12 Bethany College Presidents"​ ~ The words of Mr. Sjogren
        • "6 Decades with 12 Bethany College Presidents"​ ~ Illustrations and Chapters
      • ​Digitalize the Smoky Valley Writers' Swedish and Swedish American histories ~ For their generations to come and for research accessibility
    • ​Honoring Them and Remembering Them ~ The ​Smoky Valley History Research Writers Website Designers
    • Honoring Them and Remembering Them ~ The Lindsborg Swedes, Their Neighbors & Friends >
      • ​Rev. Dr. Olof Olsson ~ Remembering Swedish Lutheran Christian Founder of Lindsborg and Bethany Lutheran Church ​~ LINKS to accounts by Rev. Bror Carlsson, Mr. Alf Brorson, and Dr. Emory K. Lindquist
      • ​​Rev. Dr. Carl Aaron Swensson ~ Remembering “Founder” and "Second President" of Bethany College ~ LINKS to accounts by Dr. Emory K. Lindquist, and much more
      • ​Mrs. Alma Christina Lind Swensson ~ Remembering her as Mrs. Rev. Dr. Swensson, the “First Lady” of Lindsborg, ~ "Highlights" from Ms. Humphrey’s book
      • ​Rev. Dr. Edward J. Nelander​ ~ Remembering "First" President of Bethany College ~ Accounts by Dr. Lindquist and Dr. Lundstrom
      • Dr. Johan August Udden ~ Remembering "First" Bethany College professor, founder of the Museum and Spanish Chain Mail, led UT to over $300,000,000 ~ An account by Dr. Lundstrom
      • Mr. B.G. Gröndal ~ Remembering him and his photography in the earliest years of Lindsborg and Bethany College >
        • B.G. Gröndal ~ Accounts by Mr. Abercrombie and Mrs. Jaderborg with LINK to Mrs. Eddy, B.G.'s granddaughter's book review
      • ​Mr. Samuel Thorstenberg ~ Remembering him as the "first" earliest internationally acclaimed Bethany College "Messiah Chorus" conductor
      • Dr. Hagbard Brase ~ Remembering him as the "second " earliest internationally acclaimed Bethany College "Messiah Chorus" conductor
      • Rev. Dr. Ernst F. Pihlblad ~ "Third" President of Bethany College ~ An account by Dr. Lindquist
      • Miss Alma Luise Olson ~ Remembering her as "First Honored American Woman by Sweden" ~ The 1965 account by ​Mrs. Jaderborg >
        • Miss Alma Luise Olson ~ Remembering her and the extraordinary life she led at home and abroad ~ The 2012 account by Ms. Humphrey
      • Artist Birger Sandzén ~ Remembering him for "sharing his art with the world," starting "first" at Lindsborg's Bethany College >
        • The Greenoughs ~ Drs. Charles Pelham III and Margaret Elizabeth Sandzén ~ Remembering them for their gift of the Birger Sandzén Memorial Gallery and much more
      • Mr. Gustaf Nathaniel Malm ~ Remembering Lindsborg's Swedish Renaissance Man ~ Accounts by Dr. Lindquist >
        • G. N. Malm and all he did for the Lindsborg community ~ An account by Mrs. Jaderborg >
          • G. N. Malm and his Lindsborg's national interior decorating company ​​~ An account by Mrs. Jaderborg​ >
            • G. N. Malm's 1916 Christmas Greetings to His Lindsborg Friends
      • The Swedish Lindsborg Builders ~ Remembering them for the lovely homes they built
      • William Holwerda, M.D. ~ Remembering him as "Doc Bill," a city father and loving citizen ~ Accounts by Dr. Lungstrom and Mrs. Jaderborg >
        • Dr. William Holwerda ~ Remembering their family doctor with Messiah Lutheran Church tributes ~ An account by Dr. Lungstrom
      • Mr. & Mrs. Hilding Jaderborg ~ Remembering them and their “Swedish Crafts Shop” of 65 years and 50 trips to Sweden
      • Artist Lester Raymer ~ Remembering him as the renowned virtuoso artist and "behind the scenes" community supporter
      • Dr. ​& Mrs. Elmer Copley ~ Remembering them and their 29 years of dedication to that Bethany College "Messiah" tradition of excellence >
        • 1976 Dr. Elmer Copley ~ Remembering him as the “Messiah” conductor for the Bethany College "Swedish King’s," Carl XVI Gustaf's, performance >
          • 1981 Dr. Elmer Copley ~ Remembering him as the "Messiah" conductor for the Bethany College "Centennial Celebration" performance >
            • 1986 Dr. Elmer Copley ~ ~Remembering him as the “Messiah” conductor for the Bethany College televised Holy Easter Week "American Easter"
      • ​Dr. Arvin W. Hahn ​~ Remembering him, Ken Sjogren and others ​ for saving Bethany College from going under! -- "A Miracle in the Making" >
        • Dr. Arvin W. Hahn ~ Remembering him handing me my Bethany College "Bachelor of Arts" Degree on Sunday, May 26,1968
      • Dr. Greta Swenson and Mr. & Mrs. Mark Esping ~ Remembering them for founding Lindsborg's “first” "Swedish-American Folklife Institute of Central Kansas," 1986 >
        • Mr. & Mrs. Mark Esping ~ Remembering their Lindsborg's Folklife Institute's "Swedish-American Heritage Center," 1996
      • Mr. Claude Koehn ~ Remembering him as restorer and preservationist of Smoky Valley stone farmhouses and other stone structures
      • ​Ms. Rebecca Copley ~ Honoring her as Bethany College's “first” graduate to become an "International Concert and Opera Soprano" >
        • Ms. Copley's International Reviews
      • Mr. Bruce Karstadt ~ Honoring him as a Bethany College graduate for heading up a major national Swedish American institution
      • Dr. Mark Lucas ~ Honoring him as Messiah conductor for bringing the Holy Easter Lindsborg “Oberammergau of the Plains" to a “new” world audience in 2020
    • Honoring Them and Remembering Them ~ The Groupings, including Swedes from Sweden >
      • ​1882-1966 Bethany College Museum Science Professor Curators ​~ Their earliest collectors and the taxidermists
      • 1894-1962 Bethany College Graduates in Augustana Lutheran Synod World Mission Work ~ An account by Dr. Emory K. Lindquist
      • 1901-2014 The ​Bethany College Swedish Knights and Ladies ~ Honored by the Kings of Sweden
      • ​​1919 "Lindsborg Historical Society's" earliest leaders ~ Their mission and preservation projects >
        • 1963 "Smoky Valley Historical Association" (SVHA) later leaders ​~ Some more recent preservation projects
      • ​1962 - 2021 "McPherson County Old Mill Museum Leaders" ~ Detailing ​the Museum's roots to the 1930s ". . . Archeological Society" and more
      • ​1971 - 2020 "American Scandinavian Association of the Great Plains" Leaders ~ Providing cultural history and heritage programs with significant links to Sweden and Swedish America
      • 1976 His Majesty the King of Sweden, Carl XVI Gustaf's Visit to Lindsborg April 17th >
        • The Lindsborg & Bethany College "Swedes" ~ Honored by the King of Sweden, June 6, 1976
      • 1977​ Swedish Emigrant Institute Staff from Växjö, Småland, Visits Lindsborg October 16-18
      • 1978 Swedish Documen- tary Film Crew Visits Lindsborg October 2-9 >
        • "Lindsborg News-Record" Clippings of 1978 Swedish Film Crew Visit
  • Contacts
    • For 1869 Lindsborg CONTACT Today > > > > > > > > to Yesteryears > >
      • ​Lydia's Lindsborg Photography​, ​1900 - 1925 >
        • "A Time to Remember" 1882 - 1988 >
          • A Historical Count of Lindsborg Residents ~The Bethany College Presidents & Swedish Kings Honoring Bethany Swedes
    • ​For 1881 Bethany College CONTACT Today > > > > > > > > > to Yesteryears > >
      • Lydia's Bethany Photography, 1906 - 1925 >
        • Their "I WAS THERE" Coin ~ Bethany College 21st Year Celebration, 1902 >
          • "A Time to Remember" 1882 - 1988 >
            • A Historical Count ~The Bethany College Presidents & Swedish Kings Honoring Bethany Swedes >
              • "Bethany Campus Walk”
    • For 1957 Birger Sandzén Memorial Gallery CONTACT Today >
      • Sandzén: "Ecstasy of Color" ~ PBS Doucmentary ~ Aired 6/11/21
    • Closing Remarks >
      • ​ The 1941 Smoky Valley "Pioneer Cross Memorial" ​~ ​By Mr. Thomas N. Holmquist >
        • The 2009 "Smoky Valley Swedish People's Virtual Memorial"
    • Traveling through SWEDES ~ The Table of Contents
Home
<>  Their Legacy "Messiah" Performances  <>
​

In this particular era, the Lindsborg Messiah at Bethany was noted as "no other like it in the country!“
"There is only one Lindsborg and I wish to have a part in this!" -- Austrian Empire born opera singer Ernestine Schumann-Heink
                                                                                                                                                                --  Dr. Emory Lindquist's Bethany in Kansas
"Messiah" Performers, Venues & Audiences, Press and Broadcasts
19th & 20th Centuries
​

Messiah Auditorium
1895 - 1946

On the Bethany College Campus
Messiah Auditorium was also referred to as Ling Auditorium or Ling Gymnasium which had a seating capacity of 4,000.


World Renown National & International Performers at Lindsborg's Bethany College

"in their day" 
​
~ a sampling ~


Italian Eloise Vitti in 1899 from Milan first performed in the Messiah at Bethany College.  This marked the beginning of international professional opera singers and instrumentalist performing at Bethany's Messiah Auditorium in the early years and later at the College's Presser Hall.

Names of these performers are organized according to "their birth year" with a link to their Wikipedia information:


They were the "stars" of their time, so go to their "link" to see how brilliant each was in sharing their gifts with Lindsborg and their world. --fc
----
Lillian Nordica  (December 12, 1857 – May 10, 1914)   Performed in Lindsborg in 1902 & 1904
American born opera singer, on the major stage in Europe and the US, one of the foremost dramatic sopranos of the late 19th century and early 20th century

Marcella Sembrich (February 15, 1858 – January 11, 1935)   
Performed in Lindsborg in ca. 1906
the stage name of Prakseda Marcelina Kochańska, a Polish coloratura, having an important international singing career, chiefly at the New York Metropolitan Opera and the Royal Opera House, Covent Garden, London

Eugène Ysaÿe (July 16, 1858 – May 12, 1931)
Belgian violinist, "The King of the Violin,"composer and conductor


Ernestine Schumann-Heink (June 15, 1861 – November 17, 1936)   Performed in Lindsborg in 1913, 1916, 1926
a German Bohemian American, operatic contralto Stated with one of her visits,  “There is only one Lindsborg and I wish to have a part in this."

Olive Fremstad (Anna Olivia Rundquist)  (March 14, 1871 - April 21, 1951)   Performed in Lindsborg in 19   
Swedish American opera diva in both ranges of mezzo-soprano and soprano

Johanna Emilia Agnes Gadski-Tauscher (15 June 1872 – 22 February 1932)   Performed in Lindsborg in 1905
A German soprano, she was blessed with a secure, powerful, ringing voice, fine musicianship and an excellent technique. These attributes enabled her to enjoy a highly successful career in New York City and London, performing heavy dramatic roles in the German and Italian repertoires.  

Pablo Casals i Defilló  (December 29, 1876 – October 22, 1973)   Performed in Lindsborg on April 4, 1920
a Spanish, cellist and conductor

Frances Davis Alda (31 May 1879 – 18 September 1952)   Performed in Lindsborg in 1923
New Zealand-born, Australian-raised operatic soprano, achieved fame for the first three decades of the 20th century due to her outstanding singing voice, fine technique and colorful personality, as well as her frequent onstage partnerships  with the famous Italian operatic tenor Enrico Caruso.at the Metropolitan Opera, New York  

Julia Claussen (June 11, 1879 – May 1, 1941)
A Swedish mezzo-soprano made her New York City Metropolitan Opera debut in 1917


Amelita Galli-Curci (November 18, 1882 – November 26, 1963)   Performed in Lindsborg in 1918
An Italian coloratura soprano, one of the most popular operatic singers of the early 20th century.  


Efrem Zimbalist, Sr. (April 21 [O.S. April 9] 1889 or 1890 – February 22, 1985)   Performed in Lindsborg in 1937
A Russian Jew, a renown American concert violinist, composer, teacher, conductor.  


Joseph Szigeti (September 5, 1892 – February 19, 1973) Hungarian violinist performed regularly around the world.

Richard Alexander Crooks (June 26, 1900 – September 29, 1972)   Performed in Lindsborg in 1929
An American tenor and a leading singer at the New York Metropolitan Opera.  

Gregor Piatigorsky ( April 17 [O.S. April 4] 1903 – August 6, 1976)   Performed in Lindsborg in 1941
He was a Russian-born American cellist. 

Jan Peerce (born Jacob Pincus Perelmuth; June 3, 1904 – December 15, 1984)    Performed in Lindsborg in 1969
He was an American operatic tenor on the operatic and Broadway concert stages, in solo recitals, and as a recording artist. He is the father of film director Larry Peerce.


Maria Augusta von Trapp  (January 26,1905 – March 28 1987)   Performed in Lindsborg in 1950
The mother of the Von Trapp Family which were all singers.  Their story became the Broadway musical The Sound of Music (1959) and then the 1965 film


Marion Nevada Talley (December 20, 1906 – January 3, 1983)   Performed in Lindsborg in 1928
She was an American opera coloratura soprano. In 1926, she was the youngest prima donna to have made a debut at the Metropolitan Opera.  

Ellabelle Davis (17 March 1907 — 15 November 1960)   Performed in Lindsborg in 1947
She was an American singer who began her musical career at The Town Hall NYC in 1942.  Davis played the lead role of Aida during her 1946 performance at the Opera Nacional in Mexico and in 1949 as Aida at La Scala.   In 1950 she recorded for Decca. in February 1950. and was inducted into New York's New Rochelle Walk of Fame in 2011. 

Johan Jonatan "Jussi" Björling  (5 February 1911[1] – 9 September 1960)   Performed in Lindsborg in 1939
He was a Swedish tenor. One of the leading operatic singers of the 20th century, Björling appeared for many years at the Metropolitan Opera in New York City, at major European opera houses, including the Royal Opera House in London and La Scala in Milan. He sang the Italian, French and Russian opera repertory with taste. 

Blanch Thebom (September 19, 1915 – March 23, 2010)
an American operatic mezzo-soprano, voice teacher, opera director; part of the first wave of American opera singers in highly successful international careers


Birgit Nilsson (May 17, 1918 – December 25, 2005)
a celebrated Swedish dramatic soprano


Issac Stern  (July 21,1920 – September 22, 2001)   Performed in Lindsborg in 1954
Jewish, born in Russian, a renown American violinist and conductor

Rolf Verner David Björling (December 25, 1928 – March 31, 1993)   Performed in Lindsborg in 1975
He was a Swedish tenor. He was the son of jussi björling and the father of the opera singer Raymond Björling.  

Sources: Information from Dr. Emory Lindquist's 1975 Bethany in Kansas, the history of a college, Bethany College Publications Editor, historian writer A. John Pearson former Bethany College archivist, and Mrs. Elizabeth Jaderborg's 1976 Why Lindsborg?  
Messiah Performance Venues & Audiences
"in their day"
~ a sampling ~


May 13, 1918  -- Conductor Hagbard Brase /\
​
     Camp Funston (west of Junction City, KS),  4,000 seats in the All Kansas Building for soldiers of the 89th Division. Bethany Oratorio Chorus traveled by Union Pacific Railroad filling 11 coaches
Camp Funston
​Fort Riley, Kansas

Source:  Emory Lindquist's 1975 Bethany in Kansas, the history of a college, pages 167-169
 "World War I was a grim reality, but "Messiah" concerts on May 13, 1918, provided an emotional uplift for soldiers of the 89th Division and others who both heard and performed that day at Camp Funston."
​
PHOTO and TEXT from Lindquist's book, page 160
Picture
*   *   *
Oklahoma City, Oklahoma
February 8-9, 1922  -- Conductor Hagbard Brase /\
    Oklahoma City Coliseum to an audience of 15,000
The program referred to this as  “the greatest Musical Event in the History of Oklahoma.”
Sponsored by Oklahoma State Teachers Association
*   *   *
Kansas City, Missouri
Source:  Emory Lindquist's 1975 Bethany in Kansas, the history of a college, pages 167-169
"The Messiah was presented by the Bethany Oratorio Society in Kansas City, Missouri, as shown here for December 13 and 14, 1930."
​PHOTO and TEXT from Lindquist's book, page 161
Picture

​November 18-19, 1922  -- Conductor Hagbard Brase /\
   Kansas City, Missouri for the opening of the new American Royal Building for the American Royal Stock
Welcomed by the governors of Kansas and Missouri
14 Pullmans transported the Bethany Oratorio chorus of 600 and the orchestra of 70 there

December 14-15, 1929  -- Conductor Hagbard Brase 
/\
   Kansas City, Missouri
Two concerts in Convention Hall sponsored by the Chamber of Commerce Attractions Committee, with profits going to Presser Hall, the new home of the “Messiah Chorus."
  Saturday night’s attendance was 4,747, Sunday, 9,036, the largest crowd ever to hear the Bethany Oratorio Society
 
December 13-14, 1930  -- Conductor Hagbard Brase 
/\
   Kansas City Missouri more than 9,000 attend, with $5,000 received going to the Presser Hall Fund,
Sponsored by the Kansas City Chamber of Commerce
 
November Sunday, 1945  -- Conductor Hagbard Brase 
/\
   Kansas City Missouri 
The Bethany Oratorio Society joined the Kansas City Philharmonic Orchestra in the Municipal Auditorium observing the Salvation Army’s 80th anniversary with an audience of 12,000.        
   The program also included General Evangeline Booth, daughter of Army’s founder, General Geroge C. Marshall.   A message from President Harry Truman was read, parts of program were broadcasted by WDAF radio.

   A special 10 coach train took the chorus to Kansas City on Sunday morning while en route 6 pastors conducted church services

---------------
/\  " Upon Brase's retirement in 1946 as conductor, a well-known music critic observed that
'one of the last of the 
finest type of European music masters in America
had raised his baton for the last time.' "

Source:  Dr. Emory Lindquist's 1984, Hagbard Brase: Beloved Music Master, page 164
---------------
                                              Kansas City, Missouri
                                                          Source:  Emory Lindquist's 1975 Bethany in Kansas, the history of a college, pages 167-169
         "In 1945 the Oratorio Society returned to Kansas City to perform at a Salvation Army anniversary program."
​
PHOTO and TEXT from Lindquist's book, page 161:
Picture
Source: A. John Pearson Bethany College Publications Editor,  former Bethany College archivist, Lindsborg News Record:  "Renditions of Handel’s Messiah outside Lindsborg"

The Press
"in their day"
~ a sampling ~
Source:  Emory Lindquist's 1975 Bethany in Kansas, the history of a college, pages 167-169

Ladies Home Journal, 1900      (the "first time" the Messiah Festival received national news media attention)
The April 1900 issue, page 15, by Charles M. Harger
- from Lindquist's book, page 167
Because of its surroundings, and uplifting by its earnest methods and teaching, the Easter performance of “The Messiah” by the Swedish colony at Lindsborg, in Central Kansas, is each spring one of the interesting events of the West.  A musical festival that out on the comparatively sparsely settled prairies can bring together ten thousand people during Holy Week, many of them coming two hundred miles, must be excellent indeed.  The growth of the audiences in this instance, year after year, indicates a thorough appreciation of a worthier rendering of Handel’s great oratorio.
 
The Swedes are a singing people, and the religious sentiment is strong in their hearts.  The one cherished day for this colony of perhaps three thousand (3,000) families is Easter, and the chief glory thereof is “The Messiah.”  The Lindsborg settlement dates back to 1869, when the Rev. Olof Olson led from Sweden the first comers and founded the colony on the unbroken prairies.  The settlers toiled, and prospered, and saved.  They were homesick for the scenes of childhood, but learned to love their new home.  Amid the struggle against drought and storm they sang their folksongs of cheer.
 
… The concert engages the very best of the talent of the college, but it is not the event for which the auditors long.
 
That comes in the evening.  The crisp, frosty air outside and the early darkness make the octagonal auditorium ablaze with the light, most alluring, and its four thousand seats are quickly filled.  Over the gathering broods a tenderness appropriate to the memories of the occasion, its influence being manifest in hushed tones, as if this were indeed a service of the heart.  Easter is not here, but its forerunner has shed abroad a spirit of consecration.
 
Before the audience is the chorus—tier on tier of men and maidens, nearly four hundred of them.  Bunting and banners transform the stern outlines of the great stage.  The men are in black; the maids in pink and white, the costumes making vivid contrast.  Whole sections are in a flutter of light; others are somber and still.  The central figure of all, occupying the place of honor, is the powerful  organ, and supporting it the orchestra of forty (40) pieces.  When the time arrives for the opening Doctor Swensson steps forward and in a few words tells the story of the first Easter—the prelude of the music that is to come.
 
A tremor passes over the ranks of the singers; they are rising to their feet.  The orchestra breaks the stillness.


Chicago Tribune , 1913
- from Lindquist's book, page 167
In 1913 the music critic 
described the Lindsborg “Messiah” tradition in an article that was often quoted:

“It is not surprising, therefore, that this chorus attains a tone of surprising unity, and that in all matters of rhythmical and intervallic precision it is unsurpassed.  The quality of the tone is beautiful.  In all massive efforts it is of overwhelming sonority.  Sopranos are remarkable for the purity, the flexibility, and smoothness of the tone produced and the confident ease with which they approach trying altitudes of pitch.  The contraltos share the delicious sympathy of tone quality common to most American choruses.  Tenors achieve brightness and aggressiveness, and the basses are splendidly sonorous...

The Messiah has been sung by many persons the world over, but it is doubtful if the choruses were ever better sung than when these trained voices, rehearsed for a year, burst forth in divine harmony.  They sing it with the scriptural works in their hearts.  It is a praise anthem to the God who had prospered them and kept them together.”


New York Times, 1939
- from Lindquist's book, page 168

Howard W. Turtle, in 1939 wrote: “When Brase begins his stern beat for one of the great choruses of the Messiah, he draws from the chorus a body of tone that is truly magnificent in its splendor.  It is an expression in song from voices schooled to near perfection through years of training.  But it is more than that.  In Lindsborg, the Messiah is religion—as much a part of the Swedish peoples worship as the church services which they attend every Sunday.  It is an outpouring of the story they believe—the voice of John the Baptist crying in the wilderness, the birth of Jesus, His ministry, His crucifixion, and the triumphant resurrection with its resounding ‘Hallelujah.’”

Reader’s Digest , 1944
- from Lindquist's book, page 168
in a feature article, “Oberammergau of the Plains,” in April, 1944, pointed out that the “Messiah” festival is called by critics ”the finest of its kind in the world.”

Washington Star, April 5, 1953
- from Lindquist's book, page 168

A musical saga, that has no equal in this or any other country, reaches its annual climax Easter Sunday in the performance of Handel’s Messiah.  In the small Midwestern town of Lindsborg, Kansas, Handel’s great oratorio will be given today for the 197th time.  For nearly three-quarters of a century it has been the inspiration of the daily life of the inhabitants.  The story is one of the most thrilling in American history and in the annals of music.  For the performance of the Messiah not only testifies to the cultural ideals of this community, but records the preservation until the present, of qualities of mind and spirit that inflamed the pioneers whose contribution to the greatness of this country was directed by God.
*   *   *
Radio Broadcasts
"in their day"
~ a sampling ~

 Sources:   A.John Pearson Bethany College Publications Editor and Messiah Bethany College Oratorio conductor professor Dr. Elmer Copley writings
1939:  National Broadcasting Company (NBC) broadcast Messiah performance selections throughout the nation
1945:  The Office of War Information broadcast the Messiah to troops overseas
1949:  Voice of America broadcast the Messiah abroad

​Through the years National Radio continued these broadcasts as well as NBC periodically.
 It is always broadcast by radio.
*   *   *
Television Broadcasts
"first time events"
 In 1981: Public Broadcasting Service (PBS)  Kansas Public Telecommunications Service, Inc. (KPTS)
                In celebration of Bethany College's and Messiah's performances centennials
                A broadcast Messiah performance throughout the nation and internationally, 25,000,000 viewers
                Hosted by Jim Lehrer of the nightly PBS “NewsHour” who interviewed Dr. Elmer Copley at                                                  intermission

In 1986:   PBS KPTS'  titled:  "An American Easter"
                 A broadcast of the St. Matthew's Passion and the Messiah performances throughout the nation                                           and internationally, v
iewership was in the millions
                 Hosted by Smithsonian World host David McCullough 
who interviewed Dr. Elmer Copley and his                                         daughter soprano, Ms. Rebecca Copley. at intermission

​
*   *   *
​
​- Presser Hall -
since March 29, 1929 for the
Messiah Performances
- as of 2008, the Presser Hall Auditorium has a seating capacity of 1,752 -
Picture
Source: In Memoriam**Dr. Ernst F. Pihlblad, 1943
- Prince Wilhelm of Sweden and President Ernst Pihlblad at groundbreaking ceremony for Presser Hall in 1927 -
Presser Hall on the Bethany College Campus
Prince Wilhelm of Sweden was present for the groundbreaking ceremony for Presser Hall in 1927,
which would have a seating capacity in its auditorium of 1,800. 
In 2008, the seating capacity of Presser Hall numbered 1,752, per internet source. 

In 2016, the Presser Hall stage was named the Copley Stage in honor of the 18th Messiah conductor Dr. Elmer Copley and his wife Mrs. Ruth Copley.
*   *   *
Picture
Source: In Memoriam**Dr. Ernst F. Pihlblad, 1943
For Special 20th Century Messiah Performances, go ​HERE.
For The "Messiah" Auditorium, go HERE.​
*   *   *
NOTATION
21st Century
​Live Streaming

"first time events"
Dr. Mark Lucas Conducting

In 2020:  Due to the Covid-19 Pandemic, there was only one Easter performance which was postponed                                              until October with severely reduced chorus and orchestra members and no audience following                                          masks worn by all and social distancing protocols in place.
​

In 2021:  Due to the Covid-19 Pandemic, protocols were still in place, yet with additional performers and audience                          members.



*     *     * 
Swedes: TheWayTheyWere
~ restoring lost local histories ~

reconnecting past to present
*     *     * 

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