SWEDES: TheWayTheyWere
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    • The Bethany Artist & the Bethany Scientist: Lydia & Emil ------------------------- \\// >
      • Lydia's and Emil's Smoky Valley Swedish Immigration Background ​ ~ With a far larger account of why Swedes were leaving Sweden by Mr. Holmquist >
        • Their 1869 Swedish Lutheran Galesburg Colony and Olsson Colony Smoky Valley Arrivals, ~ With a Galesburg account by Mr. Holmquist >
          • Their Värmland Swedes ~ The "First Swedish Agricultural Company" Lindsborg Founders, 1868, ~ An account by Dr. Lindquist >
            • Swedish Pastor Olof Olsson Emigrating to Lindsborg 1869, June 27th Arrival ~ An account by Dr. Lindquist >
              • Pastor Olsson ~ Founder of Lindsborg's Bethany Lutheran Church, 1869-1876 ~ An account by Dr. Emory K. Lindquist
      • Their 1869 "Bethany Lutheran Church" ~ Accounts by Dr. Lindquist and Mr. Carlson >
        • ​Their 1860-1962 "Augustana Evangelical Lutheran Synod" ~ Gaining and losing its Swedish identity >
          • The 1860 Formation of the Augustana Synod ~ An Account by Mr. Holmquist >
            • Their 1892 "Augustana Women's Missionary Society" ~ An account by Ms. Humphrey >
              • The 2000 - 2016 "Augustana Heritage Association"
      • Their 1879 "Swedish Mission Church" formation by former Bethany Lutheran Church members ​ due to the "atonement" issue ​ ~ An account by Dr. Emory K. Lindquist, 1 of 2 >
        • Their 1879 "Swedish Mission Church" formation by former Bethany Lutheran Church members ​ due to the "atonement" issue ~ An account by Mr. Bill Carlson, 2 of 2
      • Their 1907 "Bethany Home" ~ With LINKS to the Swedish King's visit and "The Bethany Home Story" >
        • 2020, "Bethany Home Association" changes its name to "Bethany Village" ~ From the "Lindsborg News-Record:" September 3, 2020
        • 2022, "Bethany Home to Bethany + Village" ~ A History of Caring ~ A Presentation to the SVHA by Mr. Kris Erikson and Mrs. Andrea Johnson
      • Their 1909 and 1919 Swedish Smoky Valley Community Chronicles ~ Compiled and written by Bethany Lutheran Church Rev. Dr. Bergin, members and others
      • Their 1910 English speaking "Messiah Lutheran Church" formation by former Bethany Lutheran Church members ~ An account by Dr. Lindquist, 1 of 2 >
        • An account on the 1910 Messiah Lutheran Church formation from Rev. Dr. Bergin's 1909 ​"Pioneer Swedish-American Culture of Central Kansas," 2 of 2
      • Their 1916-1920 Sohlberg House ​ - Emil's and Lydia's - After their honeymoon
      • Their 1919 Lindsborg Historical Society's "Coronado Heights" ~ Emil's 1907 thesis and Lydia's photographs >
        • The ​1919 formation of the "Lindsborg Historical Society" ~ The Smoky Hills' "Smoky Hill" christened "Coronado Heights" May 8, 1920 >
          • G. N. Malm's role in the development of the Lindsborg Historical Society and Coronado Heights ​~ An account by Dr. Lindquist >
            • Lindsborg Historical Society and Coronado Heights History ~ Three (3) accounts by Mrs. Jaderborg, former SVHA secretary >
              • Author Bill Carlson, Smoky Valley Historical Association member reports on Coronado Heights history
      • ​Their 1920-1940 Old Main Apartments of Bethany College - Emil's and Lydia's - Living on campus with the students for 20 years
      • Their 1936 1873 Swedish Homestead - Emil's and Lydia's - Our Peaceful Acres >
        • Their 1873 Swede House ~ A close twin to Lindsborg Founder Rev. Olof Olsson's stone house >
          • Peaceful Acres Smoky Valley descendant friends and helpers ~ Honoring them and remembering them
      • Their 1940-1943 Deere Home - Emil's and Lydia's - With new occupants after Lydia >
        • Emil's and Nina's 1961Thunderbird on the Bethany Campus ~ Promoting 21st Century Bethany College in Silicon Valley with alumni and students
      • Their 1941 "Svensk Hyllningsfest" and Dr. Holwerda's Role ~ Accounts by Dr. Lungstrom, Mrs. Jaderborg, Dr. Holwerda & Mr. Lundstrom >
        • Their 1964, "Lindsborg Swedish Folk Dancers" founded by Mrs. Jaderborg ~ An account by Mr. Chris Abercrombie
      • 1943, After Lydia, Emil's part planning Lindsborg's "first" hospital and Dr. Holwerda's role ~ An account by Dr. Lungstrom
    • Their 1881 "​Bethany Academy" founded with its 1882 First Academy Building -- Swensson's Bethany's Beginnings
    • Their 1882-1966 "Bethany College Museum" ~ The Natural History and Pioneer History Collections >
      • LINKS to Deere's Swensson's Bethany College Museum Collections ​~ 1882 to 1966 >
        • Fossils Collection ~ From Old Main to the McPherson County Old Mill Museum, 1966, ~ “The Find”
        • Taxidermy Collection ~ From Old Main to the McPherson County Old Mill Museum, 1966
        • 900 item Emil O. Deere Pioneer Collection ​ ~ From Old Main to the McPherson County Old Mill Museum, 1966
        • Cliff Dwellers' Pottery Collection ~ From Old Main to the Birger Sandzén Memorial Gallery, 1966
        • Coronado Expedition Chain Mail and Bethany College Museum History ~ An account from Dr. Lungstrom's book - by Matt (Kermit) Moline
    • Their 1882 on . . . Bethany College Handel’s “Messiah" Performances >
      • "Messiah" Performers, Venues & Audiences, Press & Broadcasts >
        • Special 20th Century "Messiah" Performances >
          • "The Notables, Messiah Week, . . . ~ An account by Mrs. Jaderborg >
            • Handel's "Messiah" & Bach's "St. Matthew Passion" ~ Described for viewers unfamiliar with these oratorios
    • Their 1899 on . . . Bethany College “ 'Swedish Artists’ Midwest Art Exhibition” ​~ An account by the Birger Sandzén Memorial Gallery
    • Their 1902 "I WAS THERE" Coin ~ Bethany College 21st Year Celebration
    • Their 1903 on . . . Bethany College "Rockar Stockar!" and the 1902 on . . . "Terrible Swedes" ~ An account by Dr. Lindquist
    • Their “1904 on . . .” Bethany College St. Louis World's Fair “Swedish Pavilion”
    • Their 1937 Bethany College's Introduction to 1638 New Sweden >
      • Deere's Introduction to New Sweden
    • Their Bethany College Anniversary Celebrations ~ "1895 to 1981" ~ 15, 20, 25, 100 years >
      • Their Celebrating 15 Years of Bethany College, 1881-1896. ~ The First "Bethany Annual," 1895-96
      • Their Celebrating 20 Years of Bethany College, 1881-1901. ~ The "Forget-Me-Not," 1902 >
        • The King of Sweden's Emissary, 1901 ~ To "knight" Rev. Dr. Carl Aaron Swensson >
          • The Yale University's Bethany Club
      • Their Celebrating 25 Years of Bethany College, 1881-1906 ~ "Souvenir of Lindsborg and Bethany College"
      • Their Celebrating 100 Years of Bethany College, 1881-1981 ~ "The Centennial of Bethany College"
  • Swedish Immigration Story, 1854
    • "The Story of the Old Spoon" by Ingrid Anderson Sohlberg & Daughter Lydia Sohlberg Deere, 1937
    • Who They Left Behind
    • From Sweden with Love Collections >
      • The Swedish Sohlberg Kosta Portraits, 1867 >
        • The Swedish Sohlberg Kosta Glass >
          • The Swedish Sohlberg Letters
      • The Swedish Sohlberg Royal Gold Thread Embroidery Sampler (c1890s)
      • The Swedish Sohlberg Post Cards (c1890s)
      • The Swedish Sohlberg Magazines, (c1940s)
      • The Swedish Sohlberg Books, 1819/1886 to 1899
      • The Swedish Sohlberg Albums ~ Late 19th early 20th centuries
      • The Swedish Deere Coins -- 1801-1929
  • Artist Lydia Sohlberg Deere
    • Lydia's Lindsborg Photography, 1900-1925 >
      • The Hats
      • The Smoky River
      • The Smoky Hills >
        • Coronado Heights -- One Winter's Day
      • In and Around Lindsborg
      • Sohlberg House with Parents >
        • Our Sohlberg Home and Neighbor Alma Luise Olson
      • Sohlberg House with Emil 1916 to 1920 >
        • Lydia's Travels with Deere 1916 - 1930s
    • Lydia as Bethany College Lane Hart Hall Dean of Women, 1906 - 1913
    • Lydia's "Bethany Campus Association," 1912 ~ Creating "The Gateway to Bethany College" of 1917
    • Lydia Sohlberg Deere's 1927 "Lindsborg Swedish Club's" Handwork and Members >
      • The Lindsborg Swedish Club's "Allers Monster-Tidnings" magazine, 1940 >
        • Lydia's Signatured Black Book of Her Handwritten Sewing Instructions >
          • Nina Sohlberg's Child's Sewing "Little Dots" PICTURE BOOK
    • Lydia's Art Professor Sven Birger Sandzén, 1871-1954 >
      • Lydia's Assignments for Professor Sandzén >
        • Students of Sandzén 2019 Exhibition >
          • Bethany Home ~ Celebrating Artist Birger Sandzén through his students' paintings
    • Lydia's Art Professor Birger Sandzén's "Art Exhibitions" and "Reviews" .. 1893-1940 >
      • Lydia's Art Professor Sandzén's Exhibition at the Babcock Gallery in New York, 1922 >
        • Lydia's Sandzén's Body of Work Reviewed by N.Y.C, 1984 "American Impressionism," author William H. Gerdts
    • Lydia's and Sandzén's Swedish Artist Friend Charles Edward Hallberg, 1855-1940 >
      • Lydia's and Sandzén's Swedish Artist Friend Oscar Brousse Jacobson, 1882-1966
    • Lydia’s Sohlberg Family Connection to Sandzén, 1880-1894-1993
    • LYDIA'S Art, 1919-1938 >
      • Lydia's Art: The Kansas Collection >
        • The Sketches - Kansas
      • Lydia's Art: The Colorado, Wyoming, Utah, Arizona, New Mexico, South Dakota Collection >
        • The Sketches ~ Colorado, New Mexico, Arizona, Utah, Wyoming, South Dakota
      • Lydia's Art: The California Collection >
        • The Sketches - California, Texas, Arizona
      • Lydia's California Photographs for Painting >
        • Lydia's California Pressed Wild Flowers, c1930 >
          • Lydia's "Palm Springs Pictorial Magazine, 1938-1939
    • 2005, LYDIA'S Photography Exhibit at Birger Sandzén Memorial Gallery >
      • 2007-2010 LYDIA'S Photography Exhibits at the "Sundstrom Windows Sidewalk Gallery" become 'LYDIA'S WORLD"
      • 2011 "LYDIA'S WORLD" exhibition at Studio 113, Lindsborg
      • 2005-2012 ~ Friends of Lydia's World
    • 2021 "Prairie Fire: Lydia Sohlberg Deere Discovers the Desert" by Ann Japenga
  • Scientist Emil O. Deere
    • Deere's & Lydia's Bethany -- Lydia's Bethany Photography, 1906-1925 >
      • Bethany College "Campus from Above"
      • Bethany College "The Gateway," 1917 and "Bethany Campus Association," 1912
      • Bethany College "College Street," today's "North First Street"
      • Bethany College "Campus Life"
      • Bethany College's "Earliest Building Lydia Photographed" >
        • Bethany College "​Ladies Dormitory" / "Lane Hart Hall" 1883 - 1899 - 1983
        • Bethany College "Old Main" 1887-1968 >
          • Lydia's and Emil's Old Main Apartments, 1920 to 1940
          • Deere's Bethany College Classes in Old Main
          • Old Main Plates ~ From Dr. Lungstrom's unknown book
        • Bethany College "Messiah Auditorium" / "Ling Auditorium" / "Ling Gymnasium" 1895 - 1946
        • Bethany College "Swedish Pavilion," 1904
        • Bethany College "​Carnegie Library" / "Bethany Library," 1908 - 1980
        • Bethany College "​Bethany Academy" 1882 -- Swensson's Bethany's Beginnings ~ Not photographed by Lydia
    • Deere's 1959 Interview on Rev. Dr. Carl A. Swensson (On YouTube) >
      • Rev. Dr. Carl Aaron Swensson, 1857-1904 ~ An account by Dr. Lindquist >
        • Swensson's "Bethany Lutheran Church" and the "Augustana Lutheran Synod"
        • Swensson's Bethany's Beginnings: "The Bethany Academy of 1882"
        • Olsson's Influence ~ The Swenssons,' the Musicians' and Singers,' "Messiah," 1882 on … >
          • Mr. Thure Olof Jaderborg, Sr. ~ One Lindsborg "Messiah" Commitment from 1901-1954
        • Swensson's Swedish Artists of the 1890s
        • Swensson's "Bethany College Museum," 1882 - 1966
      • In Memorium**Dr. Carl Aaron Swensson, 1904 ~ An account by Dr. Lindquist
    • Deere's Rev. Dr. Ernst F. Pihlblad, 1873-1943 ~ An account by Dr. Lindquist >
      • Rev. Dr. Pihlblad on Bethany College History, 1904 - 1941
      • In Memoriam**Dr. Ernst F. Pihlblad, 1943
    • Deere's Swensson's "Bethany College Museum" 1882-1966 >
      • Article -- 1962 November "Kansas City Star" article noting Dr. Emil O. Deere: "He Watches Museum Expand" for 54 Years"
      • The 1966 Bethany College Museum Collections Move to the Old Mill Museum ~ The planner, the movers, the "contractual stipulation" >
        • Article -- 1966 Autumn "Bethany Magazine" article -- noting Bethany College Museum Collections move ~ Showing Biology Professor Dr. Leon G. Lungstrom with "Old Dobbin Moves" story
        • Article -- 1976 September article by Lindsborg resident Mrs. Betty Hanson -- noting growth of County Museum after receiving College Museum collections
      • ​1990 Bethany College "Museum" Chapter 2 by Dr. Lungstrom ~ Transcribed >
        • Scanned pages from Chapter 2 ​ on​ Bethany College "Museum"
    • Deere's College Students' Smoky Valley "Expeditions" ~ Some of which added to the College's Museum's Natural History Collection
    • Deere's Smithsonian Institution's Souvenir, 1904
    • Deere's College Military Involvement for World War 1 and 2 ~ An account by Dr. Lungstrom >
      • 2016, "Lindsborg During World War I: Service, Sacrifice and Dissent" ​~ By Dr. Thomas F. Jorsch, Bethany College history professor, and Honors Students >
        • Dr. Thomas F. Jorsch: Reluctant Nationalism: Lindsborg during the Great War ~ Including Professor Dean Emil O. Deere and his colleagues on Americanism and more
    • Deere's 1940 Presidential Address to the Kansas Academy of Science
    • Deere's 1955 Letter to President Eisenhower re Tuttle Creek ~ To protect the Blue Grass Valley of Kansas where he lived as a child
    • Deere's Service, 1901-1966 ~ The bullet points >
      • Deere's Education & Degrees
    • Deere's Old Main Office ​ ~ SVHA secretary Mrs. Jaderborg in charge of cleaning it out
    • The Deere's Library ~ What remains of 2,000 volumes -- pending
  • "The Other Swedes"
    • ~ Celebrating Them ​~ The Smoky Valley Writers ~ >
      • Rev. Dr. Carl Aaron Swensson ~ Prolific writer in America and Sweden from approximately 1879 to 1904
      • Bethany Church, Bethany College, Augustana Lutheran Synod Writers ​~ Remembering Rev. Dr. Carl Aaron Swensson and Rev. Dr. Ernst Frederick Pihlblad
      • Rev. Dr. Alfred Bergin ~ Wrote, compiled and printed Swedish foundational history on the 1869 Smoky Valley Augustana Lutherans of Bethany Church and settlement of Lindsborg, for 1909 and 1919 >
        • 1909, Renamed in 1965 to "Pioneer Swedish-American Culture in Central Kansas," and translated ~ By Mrs. Ruth Bergin Billdt, Editor Mrs. Elizabeth Jaderborg >
          • 1965, "Table of Contents" for “Pioneer Swedish-American Culture in Central Kansas”
        • 1919, Renamed in 1969 to "The Smoky Valley in the After Years," and translated ~ Part 1 by Mrs. Ruth Bergin Billdt and Part 2 by Mrs. Elizabeth Jaderborg >
          • 1969, "Table of Contents" for “The Smoky Valley in the After Years"
      • ​Prince Wilhelm of Sweden ~ A 1928 "royal" one-time Smoky Valley Writer - "A Swedish Oasis" ~ Recalling his 1927 Bethany College Presser Hall Groundbreaking Celebration Visit
      • Dr. Emory K. Lindquist ~ "Fourth" President of Bethany College ~ Chronicling Swedish Augustana Lutheran Lindsborg and Bethany College from their earliest years >
        • ​1953, "Smoky Valley People, A History of Lindsborg, Kansas" ~ The Words of Dr. Lindquist and Contents & Illustrations
        • 1975 "Bethany in Kansas, the history of a college" ~ The Words of Dr. Lindquist >
          • "Bethany in Kansas" PART I ~ Contents & Illustrations
          • "Bethany in Kansas" PART II ~ Contents & Illustrations
        • 1984 "Hagbard Brase, Beloved Music Master" ~ The Words of Dr. Lindquist >
          • "Hagbard Brase" ~ Contents and Illustrations
        • 1989 "G. N. Malm - A Swedish Immigrant's Varied Career" ~ The Words of Dr. Lindquist with chapters by Hasselmo, Holm, Skårdal, & translation by Van Boer >
          • "G. N. Malm" ~ Contents & Illustrations
        • 1993 "Birger Sandzén, An Illustrated Biography" ~ Introduction from the "Lindsborg News-Record" News Release >
          • "Birger Sandzén," ~ The Words of Dr. Lindquist ~ Contents, Photographs, Figures & Color Paintings >
            • "Birger Sandzén" ~ "Foreword" by Dr. William H. Gerdts
            • "Birger Sandzén" ~ The Words of Dr. Lindquist ~ Preface and Acknowledgments
            • “Birger Sandzén” The Words of Dr. Lindquist ~ Concluding Observations
            • ​“Birger Sandzén” ~ The Words of Dr. Lindquist ~ Appendix: Works in Selected Public Collections
      • ​Rev. Bror Carlsson's 1955, 350-page manuscript "Jag Sökte Icke," "I Did Not Seek My Own" ~ Tracing Lindsborg's Spiritual Founder Rev. Olof Olsson's life in Sweden and America with the 1860 Swedish Augustana Lutheran Synod >
        • Mr. Alf Brorson's 2001 "He Gave God Glory" - "The Story of Olof Olsson" >
          • "He Gave God Glory" ~ The Story of Olof Olsson ~ Contents & Illustrations >
            • "He Gave God Glory" ~ Transcriptions of "Foreword," "Translator's Foreword" "Acknowledgements," "Postscript" for scholars and scholars-to-be
      • Mrs. Elizabeth Jaderborg ​ ~ Chronicling the Lindsborg of her day, its early histories and citizens [Remarks on Superintendent Dr. Einar Jaderborg and "Messiah" Bass Soloist Thure Jaderborg] >
        • 1965 "Lindsborg On Record" ~ Contents & Illustrations
        • 1967 "Living in Lindsborg and Other Possibilities" ~ Contents & Illustrations
        • 1973 "Talk About Lindsborg" ~ Contents & Illustrations
        • 1976 "Why Lindsborg" ~ An introduction: H. M. Carl XVI Gustaf of the Kingdom of Sweden >
          • 1976 "Why Lindsborg?" ~ Contents & Illustrations
        • ​1990 "Two Reprints" ~ Contents & Illustrations
      • Mr. A. John Pearson ~ Chronicling the "first" 8 Bethany College presidents, "Messiah" history and much more >
        • 1981 ​On "Bethany College" History for 100 Years ~ The Words of Mr. Pearson
        • ​​1982 On " 'Messiah" Centennial History for 100 Years ​ ~ The Compiler, and the Words of, Mr. A. John Pearson ​
      • Rev. Eugene K. Nelson and The Bethany Home Writers ~ Chronicling the beginnings of the Bethany Home​ of 1907 to 1986 >
        • 1986, "The Bethany Home Story," Table of Contents, including listed photos >
          • 1986 "The Bethany Home Story" Foreword and Epilogue, by Rev. Nelson
          • Chapters 1 & 2: "The Origins" & "The Buildings That Have Been Bethany Home""
          • Chapter 3: "The Board and the Sponsoring Church"
          • Chapter 11: Memories of Bethany Home by Residents and Friends
          • "The Gentle Art of Caring" - Poem by Verna Todd, 92
          • "O Bethany Home" - Poem
      • Dr. Leon George Lungstrom ​~ Chronicling Bethany College natural science and mathematics, the professors and societies, the Museum, Old Main and Nelson Science Hall, 1881-1990 >
        • ​1990 "History of Natural Science and Mathematics at Bethany College, Lindsborg, Kansas" ~ "Table of Contents" >
          • Dr. Lungstrom Chapters ~ Transcriptions of a few of these >
            • "Introduction"
            • "Bethany College History Concerning the Natural Sciences and Mathematics"
            • "Bethany College Museum" ​ >
              • "Museum" Chapter 2 ~ Scanned from Dr. Lungstrom's book, pages 23-32
            • "Societies on the College Campus Associated with Mathematics and Natural Sciences"
            • ​"Tabulation of Teachers and Assistants in Natural Sciences and Mathematics"
            • "Bethany College Catalogue Covers"
            • "The Old Main Building and Nelson Science Hall"
          • Dr. Lungstrom's References ~ Listings from 1893 to 1990 of four publications >
            • "Lindsborg News-Record" ~ Science and mathematics' headlines ~ 1901 to 1990
            • "Daisy" and/or "Bethanian" ~ List of Science & Math Faculty Photographs ~ 1908 - 1990
            • "Bethany Messenger" ~ Science and mathematics' headlines ~ 1893 to 1987
            • "Bethany College Magazine" ~ Science and mathematics' headlines ~ 1954 to 1990
        • Dr. Lungstrom ~ "Master Teacher" "Master Learner" >
          • Dr. Lungstrom ~ His Värmland Swedish ancestry and tough years on the McPherson County family farm
        • Dr. Lungstrom's "Three Pioneer Scientists of Swedish Descent"
      • The Smoky Valley Historical Association Writers ~ Chronicling 1993 "Where Did They Live?" "Early Residences of Lindsborg, Kansas"
      • Mr. Thomas N. Holmquist ~ Chronicling Lindsborg's neighbors, the Galesburg Augustana Lutheran Swedes of Salemsborg and Freemount, with a personal connection, since 1868 >
        • 1994 "Pioneer Cross: Swedish Settlements Along the Smoky Hill Bluffs" ~ Contents & Illustrations >
          • "Pioneer Cross:" ~ The ​ Dedication, Acknowledgements, Preface, Introduction
          • "Pioneer Cross:" ~ The 1869 Swedish Christmas Ljuskröna Story ~ From "The Peaceful Mountain" chapter​
          • ​ "Pioneer Cross:" ~ The Epilogue
      • Mr. Alf Brorson ~ Promoting Lindsborg in Sweden - The "Sweden Letter"
      • Mr. Chris A. Abercrombie ~ President of the Smoky Valley Historical Association (2010-2017), creator of its "First" website in 2013; ​ a historian, writer, researcher, taping & filming interviewer, video producer, and collector of local important
      • Mr. Bill Carlson ~ Chronicling Lindsborg's earliest and later histories with a personal connection, since 1867 >
        • 2011 ​"Lindsborg Then and Lindsborg Now" ~ Contents & Illustrations >
          • ​ "Lindsborg Then and Lindsborg Now" ​ ~ Foreword, Preface, Introduction
          • ​ Part 1 "Lindsborg Then" Chapters 1 - 5
          • Part 2 "​Lindsborg Now " ​Chapter 24: ​"Lindsborg Now In 2010"
          • The "Conclusion" Chapters: Part 1 & Part 2
        • 2016 Mr. Bill Carlson's "Special Visitor to Lindsborg, April 17, 1976, King Carl XVI Gustaf of Sweden"
      • Ms. Karen A. Humphrey ~ Chronicling highlights of Swedish Augustana Lutheran Lindsborg and Bethany College culture in the earliest years >
        • 2012 "Grace, Faith and the Power of Singing: The Alma Christina Lind Swensson Story" ~The Words of Ms. Humphrey
        • "Grace, Faith and the Power of Singing" ~ Contents & Illustrations
      • Mrs. Margaret Dahlquist Eddy ~ Chronicling the Lindsborg, Bethany College and Smoky Valley Photography of Swede Bror Gustaf Gröndal, 1887-1945 >
        • 2013 "Through the Lens of B.G. Gröndal: Keeper of His Time" ~ Contents and Photograph Titles ~ The Sohlberg Deere Portraits >
          • "Through the Lens of B.G. Gröndal:" ~ Dedication, Foreword by Mrs. Lorna Nelson, Preface by Mr. Don Weddle, Acknowledgments
          • "Through the Lens of B.G. Gröndal:" ~ The Words of Mrs. Eddy ~ "Life Experiences" "The Smoky Valley"
          • "Through the Lens of B.G. Gröndal:" ~ The Words of Mrs. Eddy ~ "Studio Cameras," "Studio Remembered" "Gröndal's Career" "Photography as an Art Form" "Professional Organizations"
          • "Through the Lens of B.G. Gröndal: Keeper of His Time" ​~ Selections from Swede Bror Gustaf Gröndal's Photography from 1887 to 1945​
      • Mr. Tim Stewart ~ 2016 author of the Smoky Valley Historical Association’s "Vår Historia Newsletter" when Board VP, and as President creator of the 2024 SVHA website
      • Dr. Thomas F. Jorsch & Bethany College Honors Students ~ 2016 "Lindsborg During World War I: Service, Sacrifice and Dissent" >
        • Dr. Thomas F. Jorsch: "Reluctant Nationalism: Lindsborg during the Great War " ~ Including Professor Dean Emil O. Deere and his colleagues on Americanism and more
      • ​ Mr. Kenneth Sjogren ​~ Saving and serving Bethany College; preserving college and Swedish history and culture; writing college history ~ The "Hemslöjd" >
        • ​2019 "6 Decades with 12 Bethany College Presidents"​ ~ The words of Mr. Sjogren
        • "6 Decades with 12 Bethany College Presidents"​ ~ Illustrations and Chapters
      • ​Digitalize the Smoky Valley Writers' Swedish and Swedish American histories ~ For their generations to come and for research accessibility
    • ~ Celebrating Them ~ The ​Smoky Valley History Research Writers Website Designers
    • ~ Celebrating Them ~ The Lindsborg Swedes, Their Neighbors & Friends ~ >
      • ​Rev. Dr. Olof Olsson ~ Remembering Swedish Lutheran Christian Founder of Lindsborg and of Bethany Lutheran Church ​~ LINKS to accounts by Rev. Bror Carlsson, Mr. Alf Brorson, and Dr. Emory K. Lindquist
      • ​​Rev. Dr. Carl Aaron Swensson ~ Remembering “Founder” and "Second President" of Bethany College ~ LINKS to accounts by Dr. Emory K. Lindquist, and much more
      • ​Mrs. Alma Christina Lind Swensson ~ Remembering her as Mrs. Rev. Dr. Swensson, the “First Lady” of Lindsborg, ~ "Highlights" from Ms. Humphrey’s book
      • ​Rev. Dr. Edward J. Nelander​ ~ Remembering "First" President of Bethany College ~ Accounts by Dr. Lindquist and Dr. Lungstrom
      • Dr. Johan August Udden ~ Remembering "First" Bethany College professor, founder of the Museum and Spanish Chain Mail, led UT to over $300,000,000 ~ An account by Dr. Lungstrom
      • Mr. Bror Gustaf Gröndal ~ Remembering him and his photography in the earliest years of Lindsborg and Bethany College, beginning in 1887 >
        • Photographers' Bror Gustaf Gröndal & Sarah Margaret Noyd Gröndal ~ Accounts by Mrs. Elizabeth Jaderborg with LINK to Mrs. Eddy's 2013 Book
        • ​"B G GRÖNDAL PHOTOGRAPHER" ~ 2007, 2009 video account by Mr. Chris Abercrombie​ with LINK to Mrs. Eddy's 2013 Book
      • ​Mr. Samuel Thorstenberg ~ Remembering him as the "first" internationally acclaimed Bethany College "Messiah Chorus" conductor
      • Dr. Hagbard Brase ~ Remembering him as the "second " internationally acclaimed Bethany College "Messiah Chorus" conductor
      • Rev. Dr. Ernst F. Pihlblad ~ "Third" President of Bethany College ~ An account by Dr. Lindquist
      • Miss Alma Luise Olson ~ Remembering her as "First Honored American Woman by Sweden" ~ The 1965 account by ​Mrs. Jaderborg >
        • Miss Alma Luise Olson ~ Remembering her and the extraordinary life she led at home and abroad ~ The 2012 account by Ms. Humphrey
      • Artist Birger Sandzén ~ Remembering him for "sharing his art with the world," starting "first" at Lindsborg's Bethany College >
        • Sandzén's introduction to lithography ~ From McPherson, Kansas, Carl J. Smalley, considered greatest art dealer in the world at that time
      • The Greenoughs ~ Margaret & Pelham ~ Their greatest contribution to the little Swedish city of Lindsborg and to honoring the Swedish Artist ~ The Birger Sandzén Memorial Gallery >
        • Artist Dr. Margaret​ Elisabeth "Greta" Sandzén Greenough ​~ Her life of collecting her father's art, promoting it and establishing a gallery in his name ​
        • Dr. Charles Pelham Greenough, 3rd. ~ ​ His life of embracing the Sandzén family, establishing and financing the Gallery and supporting the community
      • Dr. Arthur. W. Lindquist , internationally known entomologist ~ An account by Dr. Lungstrom
      • Mr. Gustaf Nathaniel Malm ~ Remembering Lindsborg's Swedish Renaissance Man ~ Accounts by Dr. Lindquist >
        • G. N. Malm and all he did for the Lindsborg community ~ An account by Mrs. Jaderborg >
          • G. N. Malm and his Lindsborg's national interior decorating company ​​~ An account by Mrs. Jaderborg​ >
            • G. N. Malm's 1916 Christmas Greetings to His Lindsborg Friends
      • Mr. & Mrs. Hilding Jaderborg ~ Remembering them and their “Swedish Crafts Shop” of 65 years and 50 trips to Sweden
      • The Swedish Lindsborg Builders ~ Remembering them for the lovely homes they built
      • William Holwerda, M.D. ~ Remembering him as "Doc Bill," a city father and loving citizen ~ Accounts by Dr. Lungstrom and Mrs. Jaderborg >
        • Dr. William Holwerda ~ Remembering their family doctor with Messiah Lutheran Church tributes ~ An account by Dr. Lungstrom
      • Artist Lester Raymer ~ Remembering him as the renowned virtuoso artist and "behind the scenes" community supporter
      • ​Mr. Max Muller, 1959 Founder of "Broadway RFD" and 1976 Author of "Prairie Carnegie" ~ By Tim Stewart, 2016 creator of the SVHA's "Var Historia Newsletter" publication
      • Dr. ​& Mrs. Elmer Copley ~ Remembering them and their 29 years of dedication to that Bethany College "Messiah" tradition of excellence >
        • 1976 Dr. Elmer Copley ~ Remembering him as the “Messiah” conductor for the Bethany College "Swedish King’s," Carl XVI Gustaf's, performance >
          • 1981 Dr. Elmer Copley ~ Remembering him as the "Messiah" conductor for the Bethany College "Centennial Celebration" performance >
            • 1986 Dr. Elmer Copley ~ Remembering him as the “Messiah” conductor for the Bethany College televised Holy Easter Week "American Easter"
      • ​Dr. Arvin W. Hahn ​~ Remembering him, Ken Sjogren and others ​for saving Bethany College from going under! -- "A Miracle in the Making" >
        • Dr. Arvin W. Hahn ~ Remembering him handing me my Bethany College "Bachelor of Arts" Degree on Sunday, May 26,1968
      • Dr. Greta Swenson and Mr. & Mrs. Mark Esping ~ Remembering them for founding Lindsborg's “only” "Swedish-American Folklife Institute of Central Kansas," 1986 >
        • The Espings - Mark & Mardel ~ Remembering their Lindsborg's Folklife Institute's "Swedish-American Heritage Center," 1996
      • ​Mr. Claude Koehn ~ Remembering him as restorer and preserver of Smoky Valley stone farmhouses and other stone structures
      • ​Ms. Rebecca Copley ~ Honoring her as Bethany College's “first” graduate to become an "International Concert and Opera Soprano" >
        • Ms. Copley's International Reviews
      • Mr. Bruce Karstadt ~ Honoring him as a Bethany College graduate for heading up a major national Swedish American institution
      • Dr. Mark Lucas ~ Honoring him as Messiah conductor for bringing the Holy Easter Lindsborg “Oberammergau of the Plains" to a “new” world audience in 2020
    • ~ Celebrating Them ~ The Groupings, including Swedes from Sweden ~ >
      • 1881 on: ​Some Bethany College Science Professor by Dr. Leon G. Lungstrom Biology Professor, from his 1990 book
      • ​1882-1966 Bethany College Museum Science Professor Curators ​~ Their earliest collectors and the taxidermists >
        • 1962 McPherson County Old Mill Museum leaders receiving and caring for the 1882 to 1966 Bethany College Museum Collections
      • 1894-1962 Bethany College Graduates in Augustana Lutheran Synod World Mission Work ~ An account by Dr. Emory K. Lindquist
      • 1901-2014 The ​Bethany College Swedish Knights and Ladies ~ Honored by the Kings of Sweden
      • ​​1919 "Lindsborg Historical Society' (LHS) ~ Earliest leaders and supporters >
        • 1963 "Smoky Valley Historical Association" (The reformed 1919 Lindsborg Historical Society) ~​ The "Minutes," the leaders and supporters >
          • 1963 SVHA Leaders & Supporters ~ Their restoration/preservation projects
          • ​SVHA VP Barbara Buskirks Takes On the Hogland Dugout Project, 1987 >
            • Mr. Bill Carlson on the Hoglund Family ~ Leaving $600,000 for Bethany Lutheran Church, the Lindsborg Hospital and Bethany Home
            • Mr. Bill Carlson on Other Smoky Valley Dugouts
      • ​1971 "American Scandinavian Association of the Great Plains" Leaders ~ Providing cultural history and heritage programs with significant links to Sweden and Swedish America
      • 1976 His Majesty the King of Sweden, Carl XVI Gustaf's Visit to Lindsborg April 17th >
        • The Lindsborg & Bethany College "Swedes" ~ Honored by the King of Sweden, June 6, 1976
      • 1977​ Swedish Emigrant Institute Staff from Växjö, Småland, Visits Lindsborg October 16-18 >
        • 1977 Swedish Emigrant Institute Documents
      • 1978 Swedish Documentary Film Crew Visits Lindsborg October 2-9
      • 1992, Esping and Holmquist Bethany College alumni in DC's Smithsonian's National Folklife Festival ~ Representing "Kansas Agriculture and Swedish Culture"
      • 1998 - 2015 ~ "​The Pearson Distinguished Professorship of Swedish Studies Bethany College, Lindsborg, Kansas"
  • Contacts +
    • For 1869 Lindsborg "CONTACT" Today to Yesteryears >
      • ​Lydia's Lindsborg Photography​, ​1900 - 1925
    • ​For 1881 Bethany College "CONTACT" Today to Yesteryears >
      • Lydia's Bethany College Photography, 1906 - 1925
      • "Bethany Campus Walk”
      • "A Time to Celebrate" 1882 - 1988 ~ "Messiah" performances recognized nationally and internationally
      • A Historical Count of Lindsborg Residents ~The Bethany College Presidents & Swedish Kings Honoring Bethany Swedes
    • For 1957 Birger Sandzén Memorial Gallery CONTACT Today >
      • Sandzén: "Ecstasy of Color" ~ PBS Doucmentary ~ Aired 6/11/21
    • SOME REVIEWING REMARKS >
      • LISTS: RECONIZING "OTHER SWEDES" "OTHER SECTIONS"
    • ​ The 1941 Smoky Valley "Pioneer Cross Memorial" ​~ ​By Mr. Thomas N. Holmquist
    • The 2009 "Smoky Valley Swedish People's Virtual Memorial"
    • TABLE OF CONTENTS ~ Traveling thro SWEDES "The Outline Online"
    • ​February 13, 2025 ~ Lindsborg Proclamation for SWEDES by Mayor Clark Shultz
"The Other Swedes"
​~ Celebrating Them ~
​~ The Smoky Valley Writers ~
​


​Mr. Bill Carlson

​2011 "Lindsborg Then and Lindsborg Now"

//
The creation of this book was a historical preservation project of the Smoky Valley Historical Association and member Bill Carlson.
//

​ Part 1
"Lindsborg Then" Chapters 1 - 5

​
​
It must be remembered that the work on this book was a joint effort by the author, Mr. Carlson, and the Smoky Valley Historical Association (SVHA).  Therefore, sometimes he uses "we," in his text, meaning those members of the SVHA.
​
Since SWEDES is concerned with the preservation and restoration of foundational Lindsborg and Bethany College history, the inclusion of Mr. Carlson's first 5 chapters of Part 1 of Lindsborg Then and Lindsborg Now was of greatest importance.

Hence, here are the words of Bill Carlson, on those chapters.
​
DREAMS AND VISIONS
Chapter 1
     "As we compiled data like places, times, dates and people we were again reminded of the lack of information regarding how the city of Lindsborg became a reality 141 years ago in the late 1860s. Even though much data is available in those early books of Dr. Alfred Bergin written in the early 1900s, followed by books of Dr. Emory Lindquist in the 1940s and 1950s, we all still have questions about the decision of those early Swedish immigrants to settle here in the middle of Kansas, in what was to be known as the Smoky Valley of Kansas. There undoubtedly were other options of territory, state, and land where Lindsborg could have come to being the small city it is today. 

     "During the 1800s a movement of unrest was taking place in Sweden.  A Pietistic movement was growing rapidly which had many issues with the Lutheran Church of Sweden, which at this time claimed a vast majority of the citizens as members. These Swedish Pietists were strong-willed Christians with an Evangelistic fervor and belief of worship as they saw fit.

     "Out of the Pietistic movement came what was known as the l
äsare (Bible Readers), who met regularly in homes for Bible study, prayer time and fellowship. This met with rigid opposition from the State Church. Even so, Rev. Olof Olsson, serving as Pastor of the Fernebo Lutheran Congregation near Filipstad, was the leader of this movement in the Värmland province of Sweden.

     "At this point of time in Sweden we can state that Lindsborg was not even a dream, vision or thought of by these Swedes who were looking for a better life in a place where they could worship the Lord as they saw fit.  Other than wishing for religious freedom, jobs were very difficult to find in Sweden at this time in its history, large families of five to ten children were not uncommon, and the coal and iron industries had not as yet been in operation. A shortage of farmland, and at the same time a population growth, made it hard for farmers to support a family and make a living on the land.

     "A typical family was that of my grandfather Magnus Carlson's, where he was one of nine children brought up on a small farm near Lungsund and Värmland. He helped his father farm and was trained as a stone mason and bricklayer, however, land was at a premium for farming, and there was little work available of any kind.

     "We certainly can empathize with these Swedes as they must have pondered often about their future in Sweden.  Yes, they must have been very open to ways to change their lives in the coming years.  We wonder today about their dreams and visions of a new country of promise they had just recently been hearing. A land of opportunities.  America."

​​​LAND AGENTS IN SWEDEN

Chapter 2
​     "As the läsare movement in Sweden progressed and grew, more unrest occurred among those large families who had children more than ready for the workforce which was negligible in Sweden. Further, stringent rules and regulations seemed to increase, set by the state church which hindered the way many wished to worship in and outside the church. Land agents representing primarily railroad companies in America soon appeared who proclaimed glowing reports of of free homestead land in America with an abundance of land to farm in areas where railroads were rapidly being built to the west of the country.

     "Rev. Olof Olsson encouraged conversations and meetings with these agents which brought excitement about the possibility of offers which included very reasonable boat rates to the new country thousands of miles away. Rev. Olsson, himself, for a time considered accepting passage and becoming a missionary to the Native Americans of primarily Minnesota.

     "During this time a Swede teacher and principal in Värmland by the name of C. R. Carlson became an intimate friend of Rev. Olsson as a member of the läsare movement, meeting often with Olsson and groups of Swedes for studying the Bible.  Another Carlson, Magnus Carlson, who was employed as stone mason and bricklayer in the area also became a regular member of the läsare group.  He was born on June 3, 1838, just a few miles from Lungsund in the province of Värmland on a small farm known as Södra Skällstabacken.


     "Eventually he was introduced to C. R. Carlson's sister Maria and romance began. They soon agreed to marriage and were married in the Filipstad Lutheran Church by Rev. Olof Olsson on April 17, 1867.   These were my grandparents, who had accepted the offer of an agent, said goodbye to their families and were on the boat heading for America the very next day on April 18. What a honeymoon! They arrived in the USA in May, long before the Ellis Island Immigration service became the "golden door" for immigrants arriving from Sweden."
​
 ARRIVING IN NEW YORK, AND ON WEST TO CHICAGO
Chapter 3
​     "Even though a few passengers did not make the almost month-long voyage to New York, as sickness claimed their lives, the newlyweds Magnus and Maria Carlson endured the tedious trip.

     "It was difficult to say goodbye to these new friends who became close and dear friends during the journey on the sea. Further, there were times of doubt as they thought of the large families and friends they left in Sweden.

     "As planned by land agents the Carlsons soon found passage by rail to Chicago where a large number of earlier Swedes immigrants had settled, living with friendly Swedes until finding other temporary living conditions. Magnus soon found work as a stone mason and bricklayer in the city which was in the midst of a building boom. Although work and pay were satisfactory, the Carlsons disliked the busy schedule of city life, plus having grown up on farms, the possibility of owning their own land further west was very appealing.

     "There were other Swedes in the Chicago area who often voiced their wishes to investigate homestead land that was being offered in the Midwestern states. On the other hand, many of these immigrants established roots in the big city. They were satisfied with the ample opportunities of employment, with some commencing their own businesses."
​
​
LAND AGENTS IN CHICAGO
Chapter 4
     "The First Swedish-American Agricultural Land Company was formed in Chicago on April 17, 1868 according to Dr. Bergin.  His earliest book, published in 1909 in Swedish, and later translated by his daughter Ruth Billdt in 1965, states 'immigrants in Chicago were being bombarded by numerous land agents,' representing many Midwestern states with promises of free homestead land with fertile ground in wide open spaces away from the congestion of cities such as Chicago and New York.

     "Initially, Magnus Carlson laid temporary claim to 80 acres near Stockholm, Wisconsin.  However, he was never able to view the land and later gave up this claim.

     "It appears the most interest was of land in Wisconsin and Minnesota.


     "Agents of the railroads were encouraging these Swedish immigrants to look farther west to land that was similar to that of their areas of Sweden.  The railroads were anxious to populate the land for protection from Indians who were still living in these Midwestern states. Soon the Land Company commissioned a contingent of their Company to make a journey led by an agent to central Kansas.  These men, Anders Olsson, Peter Peterson, A. Jacobson, Magnus Carlson, and L. N. Sandell, were met by John Ferm who had preceded them to view the area.  Again, according to Dr. Bergin's writings, these men were all Lutheran immigrants from the province of Värmland in Sweden.  Rail fare for them from Chicago to Salina was $10.25.

​     "We can only envision what went through the minds of this group of Swedes when they arrived in what was to be called the Smoky Valley on October 2, 1868.  They could see miles and miles of beautiful tall grass, probably from the top of what was later to be named Coronado Heights, and then discovered there were deep creeks and a river winding through the countryside. Further, they must have noticed wisps of smoke from the top of today's Coronado Heights to the west, southwest and northeast where later it was found these were Indian encampments as it was well known this was Indian territory.  The largest of these encampments was undoubtedly on Sharp Creek southwest of Lindsborg, given this name due to the fact an earlier Swede attempted to build a home there, but gave up rather quickly due to the presence of Indians.

     "In the recent past years Indian "digs" have been carried out in these areas where Indians once lived.

     "Kansas had only become a Territory in 1854 and a State on January 29, 1861.  Undoubtedly middle and western Kansas did not become populated either due to the scare of Indian raids which will be addressed later.  Even so, we must ask, was the land owned by Indians, or was it owned by the United States government or by the railroads being built through Kansas? Who knows the answer to that question?

​     "These early immigrants moved quickly to erect the Bolaghuset (Company House) just east of Coronado Heights for protection from the upcoming Kansas winter, and also as temporary living quarters for themselves and others who were to follow. The Bolaghuset became the official welcome center for scores of Swedes who began populating the Smoky Valley area."
​
SETTLING THE SMOKY VALLEY
Chapter 5
     "Even though the living conditions were tolerable in that early October of 1868, the winter was coming and these hardy Swedes must have been informed somewhat about how severe weather can become here in the heart of this new country. For those who had wives waiting in Chicago correspondence was sent by rail to Salina where they would be met by their husbands with horses and wagons for the journey to their new home in the Valley. Would you agree possibly these women, upon arrival, that they may never have considered divorce? Murder? Yes!

     "These were busy days for these Swedish immigrants, and earliest on their agenda was building the Bolagshuset (Company House) for temporary quarters and for greeting other Swedes who were soon arriving. Homes were being built, crops were being sowed, gardens were planted, homestead land was being claimed. Even though these were tiresome and busy days, time for worship and the building of the first church in the area claimed high priority in the daily lives.

     "As the Agricultural Company had seen fit to purchase 13,160 acres of land from the Union Pacific Railroad in the area between Coronado Heights and the Smoky Hill River, there was adequate land for all. It is known not all of these early immigrants decided to make permanent homes in the area due to several reasons: The story of Indian raids, fighting among Indians, the often severe weather, and the fact jobs were still available in Chicago, plus some returned to Sweden.

     "Magnus Carlson laid claim to homestead land just southeast of Coronado Heights, described as on the South one-half of the Southeast Quarter of Section 6 in Township 17 South of Range 3 West which contains 80 acres. The original deed with this description, signed by President U.S. Grant is today in the possession of his grandson, the author of this work. Early writings differ somewhat on the financing of homestead land.  One commentary states one may claim free homestead land of 80 acres with stipulation he lives on and improves the land for five years. Then it is his land.  We have read another which states all the homestead land bought at the price of $2.25 per acre. Nevertheless, Magnus Carlson claimed his 80 acres and then at a later time purchased an additional 240 acres from the Railroad on Section 7 just south of his homestead. 

     "In succeeding years all the homestead land was claimed, bringing more Swedes to discover this new land and new way of existing.  These were the toughest of times during the 140 plus years of the Smoky Valley.  Those arriving in the Valley had to find places for their families to live, shielded somewhat from the blizzards of winter, and the severe heat of the summer sun. Therefore, we note that dugouts were dug, converted from shallow holes in the ground, or in banks of streams, covered by branches from the few trees in the area.

     "Today we can note there were at least six dugouts in the area near Lindsborg, and possibly many more, where people spent their time until they could erect a more permanent home for shelter from the ever changing Kansas climate. Further, the few wooded areas were popular places for the immigrants to gather to build some kind of what they called shanties.


     "During this period Swedes were arriving from several parts of Sweden to settle in the Smoky Valley area. News had spread quickly of available fertile ground in the Valley. Small towns were built and the many farming areas such as Freemont, Smolan, Falun, Salemsborg, Assaria, New Gottland, Marquette, Bridgeport, and Roxbury." 

​-------


For Part 2 ​Lindsborg Now Chapter 24: ​"Lindsborg Now In 2010, go HERE."

​​-------
*The Bill Carlson Family has kindly extended permission to share these selections from
his 2011
 Lindsborg Then and Lindsborg Now in SWEDES, 4-29-23.
​-------
​
 Mr. Bill Carlson
1930-2018
​​ "History not recorded, is perhaps history lost!" 
Picture
Published 2011, 97 Pages; Cover photograph by Alf Brorson

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"Let Us Celebrate Them"
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Swedes: TheWayTheyWere
~ restoring lost local histories ~
reconnecting past to present

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